Isaiah 5:20

Authorized King James Version

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Woe unto them that call evil good, and good evil; that put darkness for light, and light for darkness; that put bitter for sweet, and sweet for bitter!

Original Language Analysis

ה֣וֹי Woe H1945
ה֣וֹי Woe
Strong's: H1945
Word #: 1 of 16
oh!
הָאֹמְרִ֥ים unto them that call H559
הָאֹמְרִ֥ים unto them that call
Strong's: H559
Word #: 2 of 16
to say (used with great latitude)
רָ֑ע evil H7451
רָ֑ע evil
Strong's: H7451
Word #: 3 of 16
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
וְלַטּ֣וֹב and good H2896
וְלַטּ֣וֹב and good
Strong's: H2896
Word #: 4 of 16
good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good
וְלַטּ֣וֹב and good H2896
וְלַטּ֣וֹב and good
Strong's: H2896
Word #: 5 of 16
good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good
רָ֑ע evil H7451
רָ֑ע evil
Strong's: H7451
Word #: 6 of 16
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
שָׂמִ֥ים that put H7760
שָׂמִ֥ים that put
Strong's: H7760
Word #: 7 of 16
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
לְחֹ֔שֶׁךְ darkness H2822
לְחֹ֔שֶׁךְ darkness
Strong's: H2822
Word #: 8 of 16
the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness
וְא֣וֹר and light H216
וְא֣וֹר and light
Strong's: H216
Word #: 9 of 16
illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)
וְא֣וֹר and light H216
וְא֣וֹר and light
Strong's: H216
Word #: 10 of 16
illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)
לְחֹ֔שֶׁךְ darkness H2822
לְחֹ֔שֶׁךְ darkness
Strong's: H2822
Word #: 11 of 16
the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness
שָׂמִ֥ים that put H7760
שָׂמִ֥ים that put
Strong's: H7760
Word #: 12 of 16
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
לְמָֽר׃ bitter H4751
לְמָֽר׃ bitter
Strong's: H4751
Word #: 13 of 16
bitter (literally or figuratively); also (as noun) bitterness, or (adverbially) bitterly
וּמָת֥וֹק and sweet H4966
וּמָת֥וֹק and sweet
Strong's: H4966
Word #: 14 of 16
sweet
וּמָת֥וֹק and sweet H4966
וּמָת֥וֹק and sweet
Strong's: H4966
Word #: 15 of 16
sweet
לְמָֽר׃ bitter H4751
לְמָֽר׃ bitter
Strong's: H4751
Word #: 16 of 16
bitter (literally or figuratively); also (as noun) bitterness, or (adverbially) bitterly

Analysis & Commentary

This woe condemns moral relativism—calling evil good and good evil, redefining reality to suit sinful desires. The triple contrasts (evil/good, darkness/light, bitter/sweet) emphasize comprehensive moral inversion. This represents the ultimate corruption: not merely sinning but redefining sin as virtue. Such perversion makes repentance impossible and judgment certain, as conscience itself becomes corrupted.

Historical Context

False prophets in Isaiah's day declared 'peace' when judgment was coming, sweetening bitter truth. This moral confusion enabled continued sin while claiming divine approval.

Questions for Reflection

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