Genesis 31:24

Authorized King James Version

And God came to Laban the Syrian in a dream by night, and said unto him, Take heed that thou speak not to Jacob either good or bad.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיָּבֹ֧א
came
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#2
אֱלֹהִ֛ים
And God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#3
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#4
לָבָ֥ן
to Laban
laban, a place in the desert
#5
הָֽאֲרַמִּ֖י
the Syrian
an aramite or aramaean
#6
בַּֽחֲלֹ֣ם
in a dream
a dream
#7
הַלָּ֑יְלָה
by night
properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e., night; figuratively, adversity
#8
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר
and said
to say (used with great latitude)
#9
ל֗וֹ
H0
#10
הִשָּׁ֧מֶר
unto him Take heed
properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc
#11
לְךָ֛
H0
#12
פֶּן
properly, removal; used only (in the construction) adverb as conjunction, lest
#13
תְּדַבֵּ֥ר
that thou speak
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
#14
עִֽם
not to
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
#15
יַעֲקֹ֖ב
Jacob
jaakob, the israelitish patriarch
#16
מִטּ֥וֹב
either good
good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good
#17
עַד
or
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
#18
רָֽע׃
bad
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)

Analysis

The creation and providence theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

The historical context of the patriarchal period (c. 2000-1500 BCE) and primeval history provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The ancient Near Eastern world with its creation myths, flood narratives, and patriarchal social structures provided the cultural backdrop against which God's revelation stands in stark contrast. The ancient Near Eastern cosmology and patriarchal society would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Ancient Near Eastern creation texts like Enuma Elish provide comparative context for understanding Genesis's unique theological perspective.

Questions for Reflection

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