Genesis 1:9

Authorized King James Version

And God said, Let the waters under the heaven be gathered together unto one place, and let the dry land appear: and it was so.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
אֱלֹהִ֗ים
And God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#3
יִקָּו֨וּ
be gathered together
to bind together (perhaps by twisting), i.e., collect; (figuratively) to expect
#4
הַמַּ֜יִם
Let the waters
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
#5
מִתַּ֤חַת
the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc
#6
הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙
under the heaven
the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r
#7
אֶל
unto
near, with or among; often in general, to
#8
מָק֣וֹם
place
properly, a standing, i.e., a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)
#9
אֶחָ֔ד
one
properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first
#10
וְתֵרָאֶ֖ה
land appear
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#11
הַיַּבָּשָׁ֑ה
and let the dry
dry ground
#12
וַֽיְהִי
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#13
כֵֽן׃
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The divine name or title here functions within foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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