Job 26:10

Authorized King James Version

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He hath compassed the waters with bounds, until the day and night come to an end.

Original Language Analysis

חֹֽק with bounds H2706
חֹֽק with bounds
Strong's: H2706
Word #: 1 of 10
an enactment; hence, an appointment (of time, space, quantity, labor or usage)
חָ֭ג He hath compassed H2328
חָ֭ג He hath compassed
Strong's: H2328
Word #: 2 of 10
to describe a circle
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 3 of 10
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
פְּנֵי the waters H6440
פְּנֵי the waters
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 4 of 10
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
מָ֑יִם H4325
מָ֑יִם
Strong's: H4325
Word #: 5 of 10
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
עַד H5704
עַד
Strong's: H5704
Word #: 6 of 10
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
תַּכְלִ֖ית come to an end H8503
תַּכְלִ֖ית come to an end
Strong's: H8503
Word #: 7 of 10
completion; by implication, an extremity
א֣וֹר until the day H216
א֣וֹר until the day
Strong's: H216
Word #: 8 of 10
illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)
עִם H5973
עִם
Strong's: H5973
Word #: 9 of 10
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
חֹֽשֶׁךְ׃ and night H2822
חֹֽשֶׁךְ׃ and night
Strong's: H2822
Word #: 10 of 10
the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness

Analysis & Commentary

Job declares God "hath compassed the waters with bounds, until the day and night come to an end." The verb chaq (חָק, "compassed") means to inscribe or decree a boundary. God has set limits (choq, חֹק) upon the waters—the same word used for divine statutes and laws. This poetic description recalls Genesis 1:9 where God gathered waters into one place, and Jeremiah 5:22 where God set sand as the sea's boundary. From a Reformed perspective, this illustrates God's sovereign governance of creation through established laws. The phrase "until the day and night come to an end" points to creation's temporal nature—these boundaries persist until the eschaton when there will be no more sea (Revelation 21:1). Job's observation combines cosmology and eschatology: God not only created order but maintains it until the appointed consummation. This challenges ancient chaos-combat myths where cosmic order constantly required divine battle against chaos forces.

Historical Context

Ancient Near Eastern cosmologies depicted creation as ongoing battle against primordial waters (Tiamat in Enuma Elish, Yam in Ugaritic texts). Job's portrayal differs radically: God simply decrees boundaries, and chaotic waters obey. No struggle, no uncertainty—just sovereign command. This reflects Genesis 1's controlled, ordered creation account and distinguishes Israelite theology from mythological worldviews of surrounding cultures.

Questions for Reflection