Ezekiel 42:20
He measured it by the four sides: it had a wall round about, five hundred reeds long, and five hundred broad, to make a separation between the sanctuary and the profane place.
Original Language Analysis
Cross References
Historical Context
Ancient temples featured enclosure walls defining sacred precincts. Archaeological excavations reveal temple compounds at Babylon, Nineveh, and Karnak with massive boundary walls separating sacred from profane. However, Ezekiel's dimensions exceed any historical Israelite temple—Solomon's temple mount was considerably smaller. This has prompted interpretative debates: Is this literal (millennial temple), symbolic (spiritual realities), or idealized (divine standards)? Regardless, the principle stands: holiness requires separation. The wall prevented Gentile incursion (a later issue in Herod's temple, Acts 21:28-29) and maintained consecrated ground. For the exiles who had witnessed Jerusalem's walls destroyed and the temple desecrated, this vision promised impenetrable boundaries securing God's dwelling. Ultimately fulfilled in Christ who unites Jew and Gentile (Ephesians 2:14) while maintaining separation from the world (James 4:4).
Questions for Reflection
- What 'walls' do you maintain separating consecrated from common areas of your life?
- How do you balance being 'in the world but not of the world'—maintaining necessary separation without isolationism?
- Does the massive wall's size challenge casual approaches to holiness that minimize distinctions between sacred and secular?
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Analysis & Commentary
The massive wall—'five hundred reeds long, and five hundred broad' (approximately 3,000 feet or over half a mile per side)—creates a perfect square enclosing the entire temple complex. This wall's purpose is explicitly stated: 'to make a separation between the sanctuary and the profane place.' The Hebrew חֹל (chol, 'profane') doesn't mean morally evil but common, ordinary, secular—that which is not consecrated. The wall teaches that God's holiness requires clear boundaries. The perfect square shape echoes the Most Holy Place (1 Kings 6:20) and the New Jerusalem (Revelation 21:16), symbolizing perfection, completeness, and divine order. The five hundred measurement (50 x 10) combines jubilee (50, Leviticus 25) and completeness (10), suggesting ultimate, complete restoration. Reformed theology emphasizes believers are 'a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a peculiar people' (1 Peter 2:9)—set apart from the world while ministering within it.