Deuteronomy 9:1

Authorized King James Version

Hear, O Israel: Thou art to pass over Jordan this day, to go in to possess nations greater and mightier than thyself, cities great and fenced up to heaven,

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
שְׁמַ֣ע
Hear
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
#2
יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל
O Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#3
אַתָּ֨ה
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
#4
עֹבֵ֤ר
Thou art to pass over
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
#5
הַיּוֹם֙
this day
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
#6
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#7
הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן
Jordan
jarden, the principal river of palestine
#8
לָבֹא֙
to go in
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#9
לָרֶ֣שֶׁת
to possess
to occupy (by driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place); by implication, to seize, to rob, to inherit; also to expel, to impoverish
#10
גּוֹיִ֔ם
nations
a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
#11
גְּדֹלֹ֥ת
great
great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent
#12
וַֽעֲצֻמִ֖ים
and mightier
powerful (specifically, a paw); by implication, numerous
#13
מִמֶּ֑ךָּ
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
#14
עָרִ֛ים
than thyself cities
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
#15
גְּדֹלֹ֥ת
great
great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent
#16
וּבְצֻרֹ֖ת
and fenced up
to gather grapes; also to be isolated (i.e., inaccessible by height or fortification)
#17
בַּשָּׁמָֽיִם׃
to heaven
the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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