Joshua 1:11

Authorized King James Version

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Pass through the host, and command the people, saying, Prepare you victuals; for within three days ye shall pass over this Jordan, to go in to possess the land, which the LORD your God giveth you to possess it.

Original Language Analysis

עֹֽבְרִים֙ Pass H5674
עֹֽבְרִים֙ Pass
Strong's: H5674
Word #: 1 of 29
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
בְּקֶ֣רֶב through H7130
בְּקֶ֣רֶב through
Strong's: H7130
Word #: 2 of 29
properly, the nearest part, i.e., the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with preposition)
הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֗ה the host H4264
הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֗ה the host
Strong's: H4264
Word #: 3 of 29
an encampment (of travellers or troops); hence, an army, whether literal (of soldiers) or figurative (of dancers, angels, cattle, locusts, stars; or e
וְצַוּ֤וּ and command H6680
וְצַוּ֤וּ and command
Strong's: H6680
Word #: 4 of 29
(intensively) to constitute, enjoin
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 5 of 29
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הָעָם֙ the people H5971
הָעָם֙ the people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 6 of 29
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
לֵאמֹ֔ר saying H559
לֵאמֹ֔ר saying
Strong's: H559
Word #: 7 of 29
to say (used with great latitude)
הָכִ֥ינוּ Prepare H3559
הָכִ֥ינוּ Prepare
Strong's: H3559
Word #: 8 of 29
properly, to be erect (i.e., stand perpendicular); hence (causatively) to set up, in a great variety of applications, whether literal (establish, fix,
לָכֶ֖ם H0
לָכֶ֖ם
Strong's: H0
Word #: 9 of 29
צֵידָ֑ה you victuals H6720
צֵידָ֑ה you victuals
Strong's: H6720
Word #: 10 of 29
food
כִּ֞י H3588
כִּ֞י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 11 of 29
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
בְּע֣וֹד׀ H5750
בְּע֣וֹד׀
Strong's: H5750
Word #: 12 of 29
properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more
שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת for within three H7969
שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת for within three
Strong's: H7969
Word #: 13 of 29
three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice
יָמִ֗ים days H3117
יָמִ֗ים days
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 14 of 29
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
אַתֶּם֙ H859
אַתֶּם֙
Strong's: H859
Word #: 15 of 29
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
עֹֽבְרִים֙ Pass H5674
עֹֽבְרִים֙ Pass
Strong's: H5674
Word #: 16 of 29
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 17 of 29
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הַיַּרְדֵּ֣ן this Jordan H3383
הַיַּרְדֵּ֣ן this Jordan
Strong's: H3383
Word #: 18 of 29
jarden, the principal river of palestine
הַזֶּ֔ה H2088
הַזֶּ֔ה
Strong's: H2088
Word #: 19 of 29
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
לָבוֹא֙ to go in H935
לָבוֹא֙ to go in
Strong's: H935
Word #: 20 of 29
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ׃ to possess H3423
לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ׃ to possess
Strong's: H3423
Word #: 21 of 29
to occupy (by driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place); by implication, to seize, to rob, to inherit; also to expel, to impoverish
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 22 of 29
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הָאָ֔רֶץ the land H776
הָאָ֔רֶץ the land
Strong's: H776
Word #: 23 of 29
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
אֲשֶׁר֙ H834
אֲשֶׁר֙
Strong's: H834
Word #: 24 of 29
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
יְהוָ֣ה which the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֣ה which the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 25 of 29
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם your God H430
אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם your God
Strong's: H430
Word #: 26 of 29
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
נֹתֵ֥ן giveth H5414
נֹתֵ֥ן giveth
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 27 of 29
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
לָכֶ֖ם H0
לָכֶ֖ם
Strong's: H0
Word #: 28 of 29
לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ׃ to possess H3423
לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ׃ to possess
Strong's: H3423
Word #: 29 of 29
to occupy (by driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place); by implication, to seize, to rob, to inherit; also to expel, to impoverish

Analysis & Commentary

After receiving divine encouragement, Joshua immediately issues practical commands for the impending conquest. The instruction 'Pass through the host' (ivru beqerev hamachaneh, עִבְרוּ בְּקֶרֶב הַמַּחֲנֶה) indicates systematic communication throughout Israel's tribal divisions. The command 'Prepare you victuals' (hakinu lakhem tsedah, הָכִינוּ לָכֶם צֵדָה) means provisions for a journey—dried food, grain, water suitable for military campaign. The three-day timeframe creates urgency—no indefinite delay but immediate preparation for decisive action. The purpose clause reveals the ultimate goal: 'to go in to possess the land which the LORD your God giveth you to possess it.' The Hebrew construction emphasizes divine gift (noten lakhem, 'giveth you') paired with human responsibility (laresheth otah, 'to possess it'). God gives, but Israel must go and take possession. This verse demonstrates the balance between divine sovereignty and human agency—God's promise doesn't eliminate the need for practical preparation and courageous action.

Historical Context

The three-day preparation period parallels other significant three-day periods in Scripture: the days before Sinai revelation (Exodus 19:11), Jonah's journey through Nineveh (Jonah 3:3), and Christ's resurrection (Matthew 12:40). This timeframe allowed logistical preparation while maintaining momentum from God's commissioning speech. Ancient military campaigns required significant provisioning—armies didn't have modern supply lines but depended on provisions carried by soldiers or foraged from conquered territory. Israel's preparation involved not only food but also spiritual readiness, ensuring the entire nation was consecrated before crossing Jordan. The officers (shoterim) who delivered these commands served as administrative intermediaries ensuring unified action across the twelve tribes. This organizational structure demonstrated that divine leading operates through orderly human administration rather than bypassing proper channels of authority and communication.

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