Deuteronomy 33:23

Authorized King James Version

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And of Naphtali he said, O Naphtali, satisfied with favour, and full with the blessing of the LORD: possess thou the west and the south.

Original Language Analysis

נַפְתָּלִי֙ And of Naphtali H5321
נַפְתָּלִי֙ And of Naphtali
Strong's: H5321
Word #: 1 of 11
naphtali, a son of jacob, with the tribe descended from him, and its territory
אָמַ֔ר he said H559
אָמַ֔ר he said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 2 of 11
to say (used with great latitude)
נַפְתָּלִי֙ And of Naphtali H5321
נַפְתָּלִי֙ And of Naphtali
Strong's: H5321
Word #: 3 of 11
naphtali, a son of jacob, with the tribe descended from him, and its territory
שְׂבַ֣ע satisfied H7649
שְׂבַ֣ע satisfied
Strong's: H7649
Word #: 4 of 11
satiated (in a pleasant or disagreeable sense)
רָצ֔וֹן with favour H7522
רָצ֔וֹן with favour
Strong's: H7522
Word #: 5 of 11
delight (especially as shown)
וּמָלֵ֖א and full H4392
וּמָלֵ֖א and full
Strong's: H4392
Word #: 6 of 11
full (literally or figuratively) or filling (literally); also (concretely) fulness; adverbially, fully
בִּרְכַּ֣ת with the blessing H1293
בִּרְכַּ֣ת with the blessing
Strong's: H1293
Word #: 7 of 11
benediction; by implication prosperity
יְהוָ֑ה of the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֑ה of the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 8 of 11
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
יָ֥ם thou the west H3220
יָ֥ם thou the west
Strong's: H3220
Word #: 9 of 11
a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif
וְדָר֖וֹם and the south H1864
וְדָר֖וֹם and the south
Strong's: H1864
Word #: 10 of 11
the south; poet. the south wind
יְרָֽשָׁה׃ possess H3423
יְרָֽשָׁה׃ possess
Strong's: H3423
Word #: 11 of 11
to occupy (by driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place); by implication, to seize, to rob, to inherit; also to expel, to impoverish

Analysis & Commentary

O Naphtali, satisfied with favour, and full with the blessing of the LORDSeva ratzon umale birkat YHWH combines material and spiritual abundance. Seva (satisfied/satiated) indicates contentment, not merely possession; ratzon (favor/goodwill) suggests both divine pleasure and human harmony. Naphtali's blessing emphasizes shalom—holistic well-being in relationship with God and others.

Possess thou the west and the southYam vedarom resha literally 'the sea and south, possess!' Naphtali's territory was in northern Galilee, with the western edge touching the Sea of Galilee (not the Mediterranean). The blessing promises fullness in every direction—abundance without lack, comprehensive inheritance. Naphtali's region was exceptionally fertile, fulfilling this promise materially. Spiritually, this is the region where Jesus conducted much of His ministry (Matthew 4:13-15), filling it with gospel light.

Historical Context

Naphtali's territory encompassed the western shore of the Sea of Galilee and the fertile Huleh Valley to the north—among Canaan's most productive agricultural regions. The tribe produced Barak, who with Deborah defeated Sisera (Judges 4-5). The blessing's fulfillment reached its apex when this 'Galilee of the Gentiles' (Isaiah 9:1-2) became the center of Jesus's ministry—satisfaction with favor indeed, as God incarnate walked among them.

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