Daniel 9:4

Authorized King James Version

And I prayed unto the LORD my God, and made my confession, and said, O Lord, the great and dreadful God, keeping the covenant and mercy to them that love him, and to them that keep his commandments;

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וָֽאֶתְפַּֽלְלָ֛ה
And I prayed
to judge (officially or mentally); by extension, to intercede, pray
#2
לַיהוָ֥ה
unto the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#3
אֱלֹהַ֖י
my God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#4
וָאֶתְוַדֶּ֑ה
and made my confession
physically, to throw (a stone, an arrow) at or away; especially to revere or worship (with extended hands); intensively, to bemoan (by wringing the ha
#5
וָאֹֽמְרָ֗ה
and said
to say (used with great latitude)
#6
אָנָּ֤א
O
oh now!
#7
אֲדֹנָי֙
Lord
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
#8
הָאֵ֤ל
God
strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the almighty (but used also of any deity)
#9
הַגָּדוֹל֙
the great
great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent
#10
וְהַנּוֹרָ֔א
and dreadful
to fear; morally to revere; causatively to frighten
#11
וּלְשֹׁמְרֵ֥י
him and to them that keep
properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc
#12
הַבְּרִית֙
the covenant
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
#13
וְֽהַחֶ֔סֶד
and mercy
kindness; by implication (towards god) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty
#14
לְאֹהֲבָ֖יו
to them that love
to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)
#15
וּלְשֹׁמְרֵ֥י
him and to them that keep
properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc
#16
מִצְוֹתָֽיו׃
his commandments
a command, whether human or divine (collectively, the law)

Analysis

The covenant theme here intersects with God's relationship with His people from Abraham through the new covenant. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of evolution from creation covenant through Abrahamic, Mosaic, Davidic, to new covenant. The phrase emphasizing love fundamental to theology proper, revealing God's essential nature and character and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's relational commitment from Noah to the new covenant.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of covenant within the theological tradition of Daniel Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes love in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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