Acts 17:31

Authorized King James Version

Because he hath appointed a day, in the which he will judge the world in righteousness by that man whom he hath ordained; whereof he hath given assurance unto all men, in that he hath raised him from the dead.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
διότι
Because
on the very account that, or inasmuch as
#2
ἔστησεν
he hath appointed
to stand (transitively or intransitively), used in various applications (literally or figuratively)
#3
ἡμέραν
a day
day, i.e., (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but several days were usually reckoned by the jews as inclusive of
#4
ἐν
by
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#5
the which
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
#6
μέλλει
he will
to intend, i.e., be about to be, do, or suffer something (of persons or things, especially events; in the sense of purpose, duty, necessity, probabili
#7
κρίνειν
judge
by implication, to try, condemn, punish
#8
τὴν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#9
οἰκουμένην
the world
land, i.e., the (terrene part of the) globe; specially, the roman empire
#10
ἐν
by
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#11
δικαιοσύνῃ
righteousness
equity (of character or act); specially (christian) justification
#12
ἐν
by
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#13
ἀνδρὶ
that man
a man (properly as an individual male)
#14
the which
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
#15
ὥρισεν
he hath ordained
to mark out or bound ("horizon"), i.e., (figuratively) to appoint, decree, specify
#16
πίστιν
assurance
persuasion, i.e., credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of god or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon christ
#17
παρασχὼν
whereof he hath given
to hold near, i.e., present, afford, exhibit, furnish occasion
#18
πᾶσιν
unto all
all, any, every, the whole
#19
ἀναστήσας
men in that he hath raised
to stand up (literal or figurative, transitive or intransitive)
#20
αὐτὸν
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#21
ἐκ
from
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#22
νεκρῶν
the dead
dead (literally or figuratively; also as noun)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Acts. The concept of righteousness reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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