Romans 9:25
As he saith also in Osee, I will call them my people, which were not my people; and her beloved, which was not beloved.
Original Language Analysis
ὡς
G5613
ὡς
Strong's:
G5613
Word #:
1 of 18
which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)
καὶ
also
G2532
καὶ
also
Strong's:
G2532
Word #:
2 of 18
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
τῷ
G3588
τῷ
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
4 of 18
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
λέγει
As he saith
G3004
λέγει
As he saith
Strong's:
G3004
Word #:
6 of 18
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
Καλέσω
I will call
G2564
Καλέσω
I will call
Strong's:
G2564
Word #:
7 of 18
to "call" (properly, aloud, but used in a variety of applications, directly or otherwise)
τὸν
G3588
τὸν
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
8 of 18
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
οὐκ
which was not
G3756
οὐκ
which was not
Strong's:
G3756
Word #:
9 of 18
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
λαόν
people
G2992
λαόν
people
Strong's:
G2992
Word #:
10 of 18
a people (in general; thus differing from g1218, which denotes one's own populace)
λαόν
people
G2992
λαόν
people
Strong's:
G2992
Word #:
12 of 18
a people (in general; thus differing from g1218, which denotes one's own populace)
καὶ
also
G2532
καὶ
also
Strong's:
G2532
Word #:
14 of 18
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
τὴν
G3588
τὴν
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
15 of 18
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
οὐκ
which was not
G3756
οὐκ
which was not
Strong's:
G3756
Word #:
16 of 18
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
Cross References
Hosea 2:23And I will sow her unto me in the earth; and I will have mercy upon her that had not obtained mercy; and I will say to them which were not my people, Thou art my people; and they shall say, Thou art my God.1 Peter 2:10Which in time past were not a people, but are now the people of God: which had not obtained mercy, but now have obtained mercy.Ezekiel 16:8Now when I passed by thee, and looked upon thee, behold, thy time was the time of love; and I spread my skirt over thee, and covered thy nakedness: yea, I sware unto thee, and entered into a covenant with thee, saith the Lord GOD, and thou becamest mine.Romans 1:7To all that be in Rome, beloved of God, called to be saints: Grace to you and peace from God our Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ.John 16:27For the Father himself loveth you, because ye have loved me, and have believed that I came out from God.
Historical Context
Hosea married Gomer the adulteress to symbolize Israel's spiritual adultery. Yet God promised to remarry faithless Israel (Hosea 2:14-23). Paul sees this covenant restoration language fulfilled in Gentile calling—grafting wild branches into the olive tree (11:17-24). God's mercy transcends ethnic boundaries.
Questions for Reflection
- How does calling 'not my people' to be 'my people' illustrate the sheer grace of election?
- What does Hosea's marriage to Gomer teach about God's covenant love despite unfaithfulness?
- How does Paul's application of Hosea to Gentiles demonstrate the unity of God's people across testaments?
Analysis & Commentary
As he saith also in Osee, I will call them my people, which were not my people; and her beloved, which was not beloved—Paul quotes Hosea 2:23 (LXX). Kalesō...ou laon mou laon mou (καλέσω...οὐ λαόν μου λαόν μου): 'I will call...not-my-people my-people.' Hosea prophesied to apostate northern Israel (8th century BC), promising restoration: those disowned would be reclaimed. Paul applies it to Gentiles—those never in covenant now called 'beloved' (ēgapēmenēn, ἠγαπημένην).
This is typological interpretation: Hosea's immediate reference was ethnic Israel's restoration, but Paul sees the principle of gracious calling extending to Gentiles. God calls things that are not as though they were (4:17). Those 'far off' are brought near (Ephesians 2:13). The not-beloved becoming beloved illustrates sovereign grace—no prior relationship or merit, only God's free choice to love. This is election's essence: God setting covenant love on the undeserving.