Romans 4:14

Authorized King James Version

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For if they which are of the law be heirs, faith is made void, and the promise made of none effect:

Original Language Analysis

εἰ if G1487
εἰ if
Strong's: G1487
Word #: 1 of 13
if, whether, that, etc
γὰρ For G1063
γὰρ For
Strong's: G1063
Word #: 2 of 13
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
οἱ G3588
οἱ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 3 of 13
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ἐκ they which are of G1537
ἐκ they which are of
Strong's: G1537
Word #: 4 of 13
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
νόμου the law G3551
νόμου the law
Strong's: G3551
Word #: 5 of 13
law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of moses (including the volume); also of the gospel), or figurat
κληρονόμοι be heirs G2818
κληρονόμοι be heirs
Strong's: G2818
Word #: 6 of 13
a sharer by lot, i.e., inheritor (literally or figuratively); by implication, a possessor
κεκένωται is made void G2758
κεκένωται is made void
Strong's: G2758
Word #: 7 of 13
to make empty, i.e., (figuratively) to abase, neutralize, falsify
G3588
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 8 of 13
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
πίστις faith G4102
πίστις faith
Strong's: G4102
Word #: 9 of 13
persuasion, i.e., credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of god or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon christ
καὶ and G2532
καὶ and
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 10 of 13
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
κατήργηται made of none effect G2673
κατήργηται made of none effect
Strong's: G2673
Word #: 11 of 13
to be (render) entirely idle (useless), literally or figuratively
G3588
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 12 of 13
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ἐπαγγελία· the promise G1860
ἐπαγγελία· the promise
Strong's: G1860
Word #: 13 of 13
an announcement (for information, assent or pledge; especially a divine assurance of good)

Analysis & Commentary

For if they which are of the law be heirs, faith is made void, and the promise made of none effect: Paul poses a hypothetical syllogism: if inheritance comes ek nomou (ἐκ νόμου, "from law"), then two catastrophic consequences follow. First, kekenōtai hē pistis (κεκένωται ἡ πίστις, "faith has been emptied/made void"). The perfect tense indicates permanent voiding—faith would be rendered meaningless as a category. If law-works secure inheritance, then faith is superfluous decoration, not the instrumental means of receiving the promise.

Second, katērgētai hē epaggelia (κατήργηται ἡ ἐπαγγελία, "the promise has been nullified/abolished"). Again the perfect tense: the promise would stand permanently abolished. Why? Because a promise that depends on the promisee's performance is not really a promise but a contract or wage (cf. v. 4). God's covenant with Abraham was promissory, not contractual—"I will" not "if you will." To introduce law as a condition empties both faith (as the receiving instrument) and promise (as the giving mode) of meaning. Grace and works are incompatible bases for inheritance.

Historical Context

The debate over whether Gentiles must keep Torah to be saved was tearing apart the early church. Paul demonstrates that introducing law-keeping as a requirement doesn't just add a condition—it fundamentally transforms the nature of the covenant from promise to contract, from grace to works, making both faith and promise meaningless. This parallels his argument in Galatians 3:15-18.

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