Romans 3:12

Authorized King James Version

They are all gone out of the way, they are together become unprofitable; there is none that doeth good, no, not one.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
πάντες
all
all, any, every, the whole
#2
ἐξέκλιναν
They are
to deviate, i.e., (absolutely) to shun (literally or figuratively), or (relatively) to decline (from piety)
#3
ἅμα
together
properly, at the "same" time, but freely used as a preposition or adverb denoting close association
#4
ἠχρειώθησαν·
become unprofitable
to render useless, i.e., spoil
#5
οὐκ
no not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#6
ἔστιν
one
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are
#7
ποιῶν
that doeth
to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)
#8
χρηστότητα
good
usefulness, i.e., morally, excellence (in character or demeanor)
#9
οὐκ
no not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#10
ἔστιν
one
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are
#11
ἕως
a conjunction, preposition and adverb of continuance, until (of time and place)
#12
ἑνός
one

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the cosmopolitan capital of the Roman Empire with diverse populations. The author writes to address a mixed congregation of Jewish and Gentile believers in the imperial capital, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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