Psalms 68:3

Authorized King James Version

But let the righteous be glad; let them rejoice before God: yea, let them exceedingly rejoice.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְֽצַדִּיקִ֗ים
But let the righteous
just
#2
יִשְׂמְח֣וּ
be glad
probably to brighten up, i.e., (figuratively) be (causatively, make) blithe or gleesome
#3
יַֽ֭עַלְצוּ
let them rejoice
to jump for joy, i.e., exult
#4
לִפְנֵ֥י
before
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#5
אֱלֹהִ֗ים
God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#6
וְיָשִׂ֥ישׂוּ
rejoice
to be bright, i.e., cheerful
#7
בְשִׂמְחָֽה׃
yea let them exceedingly
blithesomeness or glee, (religious or festival)

Analysis

This verse develops the worship and praise theme central to Psalms. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the proper human response to God's character and works. The divine name or title here functions within worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Temple archaeology and ancient musical instruments illuminate the liturgical context of Israelite worship.

Questions for Reflection