Psalms 68:18

Authorized King James Version

Thou hast ascended on high, thou hast led captivity captive: thou hast received gifts for men; yea, for the rebellious also, that the LORD God might dwell among them.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
עָ֘לִ֤יתָ
Thou hast ascended
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
#2
לַמָּר֨וֹם׀
on high
altitude, i.e., concretely (an elevated place), abstractly (elevation, figuratively (elation), or adverbially (aloft)
#3
שָׁ֘בִ֤יתָ
captive
to transport into captivity
#4
שֶּׁ֗בִי
thou hast led captivity
exiled; captured; as noun, exile (abstractly or concretely and collectively); by extension, booty
#5
לָקַ֣חְתָּ
thou hast received
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
#6
מַ֭תָּנוֹת
gifts
a present; specifically (in a good sense), a sacrificial offering, (in a bad sense) a bribe
#7
בָּאָדָ֑ם
for men
ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
#8
וְאַ֥ף
meaning accession (used as an adverb or conjunction); also or yea; adversatively though
#9
ס֝וֹרְרִ֗ים
yea for the rebellious
to turn away, i.e., (morally) be refractory
#10
לִשְׁכֹּ֤ן׀
might dwell
to reside or permanently stay (literally or figuratively)
#11
יָ֬הּ
also that the LORD
jah, the sacred name
#12
אֱלֹהִֽים׃
God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

Analysis

The worship and praise theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the Israelite monarchy with its court politics and military conflicts. The author writes to address worshipers in the temple and those seeking God in times of distress, making the emphasis on worship and praise particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection