Psalms 128:3

Authorized King James Version

Thy wife shall be as a fruitful vine by the sides of thine house: thy children like olive plants round about thy table.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אֶשְׁתְּךָ֤׀
Thy wife
a woman
#2
כְּגֶ֥פֶן
vine
a vine (as twining), especially the grape
#3
פֹּרִיָּה֮
shall be as a fruitful
to bear fruit (literally or figuratively)
#4
בְּיַרְכְּתֵ֪י
by the sides
properly, the flank; but used only figuratively, the rear or recess
#5
בֵ֫יתֶ֥ךָ
of thine house
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
#6
בָּ֭נֶיךָ
thy children
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#7
כִּשְׁתִלֵ֣י
plants
a sprig (as if transplanted), i.e., sucker
#8
זֵיתִ֑ים
like olive
an olive (as yielding illuminating oil), the tree, the branch or the berry
#9
סָ֝בִ֗יב
round about
(as noun) a circle, neighbour, or environs; but chiefly (as adverb, with or without preposition) around
#10
לְשֻׁלְחָנֶֽךָ׃
thy table
a table (as spread out); by implication, a meal

Analysis

This verse develops the worship and praise theme central to Psalms. The concept of divine revelation reflects the proper human response to God's character and works. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern poetry and hymnic literature for worship shapes this text's meaning. Israel's liturgical traditions developed through centuries of temple worship and personal devotion Understanding a worldview centered on covenant relationship between God and His people helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection