Numbers 21:8

Authorized King James Version

And the LORD said unto Moses, Make thee a fiery serpent, and set it upon a pole: and it shall come to pass, that every one that is bitten, when he looketh upon it, shall live.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
יְהוָ֜ה
And the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#3
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#4
מֹשֶׁ֗ה
unto Moses
mosheh, the israelite lawgiver
#5
עֲשֵׂ֤ה
Make
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#6
לְךָ֙
H0
#7
שָׂרָ֔ף
thee a fiery serpent
burning, i.e., (figuratively) poisonous (serpent); specifically, a saraph or symbolical creature (from their copper color)
#8
וְשִׂ֥ים
and set
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
#9
אֹת֖וֹ
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#10
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#11
נֵ֑ס
it upon a pole
a flag; also a sail; by implication, a flagstaff; generally a signal; figuratively, a token
#12
וְהָיָה֙
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#13
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#14
הַנָּשׁ֔וּךְ
and it shall come to pass that every one that is bitten
to strike with a sting (as a serpent); figuratively, to oppress with interest on a loan
#15
וְרָאָ֥ה
when he looketh
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#16
אֹת֖וֹ
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#17
וָחָֽי׃
upon it shall live
to live; causatively to revive

Analysis

Within the broader context of Numbers, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Numbers.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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