Numbers 21:9

Authorized King James Version

And Moses made a serpent of brass, and put it upon a pole, and it came to pass, that if a serpent had bitten any man, when he beheld the serpent of brass, he lived.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיַּ֤עַשׂ
made
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#2
מֹשֶׁה֙
And Moses
mosheh, the israelite lawgiver
#3
נְחַ֥שׁ
a serpent
a snake (from its hiss)
#4
הַנְּחֹ֖שֶׁת
of brass
copper, hence, something made of that metal, i.e., coin, a fetter; figuratively, base (as compared with gold or silver)
#5
וַיְשִׂמֵ֖הוּ
and put
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
#6
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#7
הַנֵּ֑ס
it upon a pole
a flag; also a sail; by implication, a flagstaff; generally a signal; figuratively, a token
#8
וְהָיָ֗ה
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#9
אִם
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
#10
נָשַׁ֤ךְ
had bitten
to strike with a sting (as a serpent); figuratively, to oppress with interest on a loan
#11
נְחַ֥שׁ
a serpent
a snake (from its hiss)
#12
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#13
אִ֔ישׁ
any man
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#14
וְהִבִּ֛יט
when he beheld
to scan, i.e., look intently at; by implication, to regard with pleasure, favor or care
#15
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#16
נְחַ֥שׁ
a serpent
a snake (from its hiss)
#17
הַנְּחֹ֖שֶׁת
of brass
copper, hence, something made of that metal, i.e., coin, a fetter; figuratively, base (as compared with gold or silver)
#18
וָחָֽי׃
he lived
to live; causatively to revive

Cross References

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Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Numbers. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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