Nehemiah 8:16

Authorized King James Version

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So the people went forth, and brought them, and made themselves booths, every one upon the roof of his house, and in their courts, and in the courts of the house of God, and in the street of the water gate, and in the street of the gate of Ephraim.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֵּֽצְא֣וּ went forth H3318
וַיֵּֽצְא֣וּ went forth
Strong's: H3318
Word #: 1 of 19
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
הָעָם֮ So the people H5971
הָעָם֮ So the people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 2 of 19
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
וַיָּבִיאוּ֒ and brought H935
וַיָּבִיאוּ֒ and brought
Strong's: H935
Word #: 3 of 19
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ֩ them and made H6213
וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ֩ them and made
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 4 of 19
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
לָהֶ֨ם H1992
לָהֶ֨ם
Strong's: H1992
Word #: 5 of 19
they (only used when emphatic)
סֻכּ֜וֹת themselves booths H5521
סֻכּ֜וֹת themselves booths
Strong's: H5521
Word #: 6 of 19
a hut or lair
אִ֤ישׁ every one H376
אִ֤ישׁ every one
Strong's: H376
Word #: 7 of 19
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 8 of 19
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
גַּגּוֹ֙ upon the roof of his house H1406
גַּגּוֹ֙ upon the roof of his house
Strong's: H1406
Word #: 9 of 19
a roof; by analogy, the top of an altar
וּבְחַצְר֖וֹת and in the courts H2691
וּבְחַצְר֖וֹת and in the courts
Strong's: H2691
Word #: 10 of 19
a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls)
וּבְחַצְר֖וֹת and in the courts H2691
וּבְחַצְר֖וֹת and in the courts
Strong's: H2691
Word #: 11 of 19
a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls)
בֵּ֣ית of the house H1004
בֵּ֣ית of the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 12 of 19
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
הָֽאֱלֹהִ֑ים of God H430
הָֽאֱלֹהִ֑ים of God
Strong's: H430
Word #: 13 of 19
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
וּבִרְח֖וֹב and in the street H7339
וּבִרְח֖וֹב and in the street
Strong's: H7339
Word #: 14 of 19
a width, i.e., (concretely) avenue or area
שַׁ֥עַר gate H8179
שַׁ֥עַר gate
Strong's: H8179
Word #: 15 of 19
an opening, i.e., door or gate
הַמַּ֔יִם of the water H4325
הַמַּ֔יִם of the water
Strong's: H4325
Word #: 16 of 19
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
וּבִרְח֖וֹב and in the street H7339
וּבִרְח֖וֹב and in the street
Strong's: H7339
Word #: 17 of 19
a width, i.e., (concretely) avenue or area
שַׁ֥עַר gate H8179
שַׁ֥עַר gate
Strong's: H8179
Word #: 18 of 19
an opening, i.e., door or gate
אֶפְרָֽיִם׃ of Ephraim H669
אֶפְרָֽיִם׃ of Ephraim
Strong's: H669
Word #: 19 of 19
ephrajim, a son of joseph; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory

Analysis & Commentary

So the people went forth, and brought them, and made themselves booths, every one upon the roof of his house, and in their courts, and in the courts of the house of God, and in the street of the water gate, and in the street of the gate of Ephraim.

This verse within Nehemiah 8 addresses themes of Scripture centrality, teaching, understanding, worship. The public Scripture reading demonstrates how spiritual renewal requires understanding God's Word, not mere ritual observance. City gates were strategic both defensively and administratively, controlling access and serving as centers of commerce and justice. This passage demonstrates biblical principles applicable across both testaments—God's sovereignty combined with human responsibility, faith expressed through obedient action, and the necessity of both individual and corporate commitment to covenant faithfulness. Nehemiah models leadership that combines vision, prayer, courage, integrity, and perseverance amid sustained opposition.

Historical Context

Nehemiah's account occurs during Persian imperial dominance (539-331 BC), specifically 445-433 BC under Artaxerxes I. The spiritual reforms under Ezra and Nehemiah shaped Judaism for centuries, establishing Scripture's centrality and patterns of worship continuing into the intertestamental period and beyond. The Persian period was crucial transitional time when Jewish identity shifted from monarchical nationalism to Torah-centered covenantal community. Without political independence, the people's cohesion depended on shared scripture, temple worship, and covenant obedience. This established patterns persisting through the Second Temple period into New Testament times. Understanding this context illuminates Jesus's ministry among a people shaped by these reforms and challenges.

Questions for Reflection

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