But truly I am full of power by the spirit of the LORD, and of judgment, and of might, to declare unto Jacob his transgression, and to Israel his sin. In stunning contrast to false prophets, Micah declares authentic prophetic authority. וְאוּלָם אָנֹכִי מָלֵאתִי כֹחַ אֶת־רוּחַ יְהוָה (ve-ulam anokhi maleti choach et-ruach YHWH, "But truly I am filled with power, the Spirit of the LORD") uses אוּלָם (ulam, "but, however") to contrast sharply with false prophets. מָלֵא (male) means filled or full—not partially equipped but completely empowered. כֹּחַ (koach) is power, strength, or ability. רוּחַ יְהוָה (ruach YHWH, "Spirit of the LORD") is the divine Spirit who empowers prophets.
Micah adds וּמִשְׁפָּט וּגְבוּרָה (u-mishpat u-gevurah, "and judgment and might"). מִשְׁפָּט (mishpat) is justice, judgment, discernment—ability to distinguish right from wrong. גְּבוּרָה (gevurah) is might, strength, courage—boldness to speak truth regardless of opposition. The purpose: לְהַגִּיד לְיַעֲקֹב פִּשְׁעוֹ וּלְיִשְׂרָאֵל חַטָּאתוֹ (le-haggid le-Ya'akov pisho u-le-Yisrael chatato, "to declare to Jacob his transgression and to Israel his sin"). פֶּשַׁע (pesha) is transgression or rebellion; חַטָּאת (chatat) is sin or offense.
True prophecy confronts sin, powered by God's Spirit. False prophets proclaim peace for profit; true prophets declare judgment despite persecution. This parallels New Testament teaching: true preaching is Spirit-empowered (1 Corinthians 2:4-5; 1 Thessalonians 1:5) and confronts sin (2 Timothy 4:2). Micah's self-description establishes his authority and contrasts with mercenary prophets who lack divine empowerment.
Historical Context
Micah's claim to be filled with the Spirit distinguishes him from false prophets who spoke from imagination (Jeremiah 23:16). Old Testament prophets were uniquely Spirit-empowered for their task (Numbers 11:25; 1 Samuel 10:6; 2 Kings 2:9). This same Spirit would be poured out on all believers in the New Covenant (Joel 2:28-29; Acts 2:16-18). Micah's courage to confront national sin despite opposition exemplifies Spirit-empowered ministry. His contemporary Jeremiah would face similar hostility (Jeremiah 1:17-19, 20:1-2, 26:8-11), as would Jesus (Luke 4:28-29) and the apostles (Acts 4:1-3, 5:17-18). Spirit-filled proclamation provokes opposition but cannot be silenced. The same Spirit who empowered Micah empowers gospel ministers today.
Questions for Reflection
What does it mean to be 'filled with power by the Spirit of the LORD' in ministry—how is this distinct from human talent or technique?
How does combining judgment (discernment) with might (courage) equip faithful proclamation of God's word?
Why is declaring sin essential to true prophetic ministry rather than merely encouraging or comforting?
Analysis & Commentary
But truly I am full of power by the spirit of the LORD, and of judgment, and of might, to declare unto Jacob his transgression, and to Israel his sin. In stunning contrast to false prophets, Micah declares authentic prophetic authority. וְאוּלָם אָנֹכִי מָלֵאתִי כֹחַ אֶת־רוּחַ יְהוָה (ve-ulam anokhi maleti choach et-ruach YHWH, "But truly I am filled with power, the Spirit of the LORD") uses אוּלָם (ulam, "but, however") to contrast sharply with false prophets. מָלֵא (male) means filled or full—not partially equipped but completely empowered. כֹּחַ (koach) is power, strength, or ability. רוּחַ יְהוָה (ruach YHWH, "Spirit of the LORD") is the divine Spirit who empowers prophets.
Micah adds וּמִשְׁפָּט וּגְבוּרָה (u-mishpat u-gevurah, "and judgment and might"). מִשְׁפָּט (mishpat) is justice, judgment, discernment—ability to distinguish right from wrong. גְּבוּרָה (gevurah) is might, strength, courage—boldness to speak truth regardless of opposition. The purpose: לְהַגִּיד לְיַעֲקֹב פִּשְׁעוֹ וּלְיִשְׂרָאֵל חַטָּאתוֹ (le-haggid le-Ya'akov pisho u-le-Yisrael chatato, "to declare to Jacob his transgression and to Israel his sin"). פֶּשַׁע (pesha) is transgression or rebellion; חַטָּאת (chatat) is sin or offense.
True prophecy confronts sin, powered by God's Spirit. False prophets proclaim peace for profit; true prophets declare judgment despite persecution. This parallels New Testament teaching: true preaching is Spirit-empowered (1 Corinthians 2:4-5; 1 Thessalonians 1:5) and confronts sin (2 Timothy 4:2). Micah's self-description establishes his authority and contrasts with mercenary prophets who lack divine empowerment.