Micah 3:5

Authorized King James Version

Thus saith the LORD concerning the prophets that make my people err, that bite with their teeth, and cry, Peace; and he that putteth not into their mouths, they even prepare war against him.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
כֹּ֚ה
properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
#2
אָמַ֣ר
Thus saith
to say (used with great latitude)
#3
יְהוָ֔ה
the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#4
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#5
הַנְּבִיאִ֖ים
concerning the prophets
a prophet or (generally) inspired man
#6
הַמַּתְעִ֣ים
err
to vacillate, i.e., reel or stray (literally or figuratively); also causative of both
#7
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#8
עַמִּ֑י
that make my people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#9
הַנֹּשְׁכִ֤ים
that bite
to strike with a sting (as a serpent); figuratively, to oppress with interest on a loan
#10
בְּשִׁנֵּיהֶם֙
with their teeth
a tooth (as sharp); specifically ivory; figuratively, a cliff
#11
וְקָרְא֣וּ
and cry
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
#12
שָׁל֔וֹם
Peace
safe, i.e., (figuratively) well, happy, friendly; also (abstractly) welfare, i.e., health, prosperity, peace
#13
וַאֲשֶׁר֙
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#14
לֹא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#15
יִתֵּ֣ן
and he that putteth
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#16
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#17
פִּיהֶ֔ם
not into their mouths
the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with prepos
#18
וְקִדְּשׁ֥וּ
they even prepare
to be (causatively, make, pronounce or observe as) clean (ceremonially or morally)
#19
עָלָ֖יו
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#20
מִלְחָמָֽה׃
war
a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing peace contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection