Matthew 27:54

Authorized King James Version

Now when the centurion, and they that were with him, watching Jesus, saw the earthquake, and those things that were done, they feared greatly, saying, Truly this was the Son of God.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#2
δὲ
Now
but, and, etc
#3
ἑκατόνταρχος
when the centurion
the captain of one hundred men
#4
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#5
οἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
μετ'
they that were with
properly, denoting accompaniment; "amid" (local or causal); modified variously according to the case (genitive association, or accusative succession)
#7
αὐτοῦ
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#8
τηροῦντες
watching
to guard (from loss or injury, properly, by keeping the eye upon; and thus differing from g5442, which is properly to prevent escaping; and from g2892
#9
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
Ἰησοῦν
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#11
ἰδόντες
saw
used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl
#12
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
σεισμὸν
the earthquake
a commotion, i.e., (of the air) a gale, (of the ground) an earthquake
#14
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#15
τὰ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#16
γενόμενα
those things that were done
to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)
#17
ἐφοβήθησαν
they feared
to frighten, i.e., (passively) to be alarmed; by analogy, to be in awe of, i.e., revere
#18
σφόδρα
greatly
of uncertain derivation) as adverb; vehemently, i.e., in a high degree, much
#19
λέγοντες
saying
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#20
Ἀληθῶς
Truly
truly
#21
θεοῦ
of God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#22
υἱὸς
the Son
a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship
#23
ἦν
was
i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
#24
οὗτος
this
the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The first-century Palestinian Jewish culture under Roman occupation would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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