Matthew 12:7

Authorized King James Version

But if ye had known what this meaneth, I will have mercy, and not sacrifice, ye would not have condemned the guiltless.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
εἰ
if
if, whether, that, etc
#2
δὲ
But
but, and, etc
#3
ἐγνώκειτε
ye had known
to "know" (absolutely) in a great variety of applications and with many implications (as follow, with others not thus clearly expressed)
#4
τί
what
an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)
#5
ἐστιν,
this meaneth
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are
#6
Ἔλεον
mercy
compassion (human or divine, especially active)
#7
θέλω
I will have
to determine (as an active option from subjective impulse; whereas g1014 properly denotes rather a passive acquiescence in objective considerations),
#8
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#9
οὐκ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#10
θυσίαν,
sacrifice
sacrifice (the act or the victim, literally or figuratively)
#11
οὐκ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#12
ἂν
ye would
whatsoever
#13
κατεδικάσατε
have condemned
to adjudge against, i.e., pronounce guilty
#14
τοὺς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#15
ἀναιτίους
the guiltless
innocent

Analysis

Within the broader context of Matthew, this passage highlights salvation through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of mercy connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about mercy, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Matthew.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Jewish biographical literature presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Scripture shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Matthew Understanding a worldview expecting divine intervention through a promised Messiah helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes mercy in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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