Luke 16:13

Authorized King James Version

No servant can serve two masters: for either he will hate the one, and love the other; or else he will hold to the one, and despise the other. Ye cannot serve God and mammon.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
Οὐδεὶς
No
not even one (man, woman or thing), i.e., none, nobody, nothing
#2
οἰκέτης
servant
a fellow resident, i.e., menial domestic
#3
δύνασθε
can
to be able or possible
#4
δυσὶ
two
"two"
#5
κυρίοις
masters
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
#6
δουλεύειν
serve
to be a slave to (literal or figurative, involuntary or voluntary)
#7
either
disjunctive, or; comparative, than
#8
γὰρ
for
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
#9
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
ἑνὸς
the one
one
#11
μισήσει
he will hate
to detest (especially to persecute); by extension, to love less
#12
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#13
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#14
ἑτέρου
the other
(an-, the) other or different
#15
ἀγαπήσει
G25
love
to love (in a social or moral sense)
#16
either
disjunctive, or; comparative, than
#17
ἑνὸς
the one
one
#18
ἀνθέξεται
he will hold
to hold oneself opposite to, i.e., (by implication) adhere to; by extension to care for
#19
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#20
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#21
ἑτέρου
the other
(an-, the) other or different
#22
καταφρονήσει
despise
to think against, i.e., disesteem
#23
οὐ
Ye cannot
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#24
δύνασθε
can
to be able or possible
#25
θεῷ
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#26
δουλεύειν
serve
to be a slave to (literal or figurative, involuntary or voluntary)
#27
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#28
μαμωνᾷ
mammon
mammonas, i.e., avarice (deified)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Luke. The concept of love reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes agape in Greek contexts or hesed in Hebrew, indicating covenantal loyalty, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Luke Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes love in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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