Judges 7:12

Authorized King James Version

And the Midianites and the Amalekites and all the children of the east lay along in the valley like grasshoppers for multitude; and their camels were without number, as the sand by the sea side for multitude.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וּמִדְיָ֨ן
And the Midianites
midjan, a son of abraham; also his country and (collectively) his descendants
#2
וַֽעֲמָלֵ֤ק
and the Amalekites
amalek, a descendant of esau; also his posterity and their country
#3
וְכָל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#4
בְּנֵי
and all the children
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#5
קֶ֙דֶם֙
of the east
the front, of place (absolutely, the fore part, relatively the east) or time (antiquity); often used adverbially (before, anciently, eastward)
#6
נֹֽפְלִ֣ים
lay
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
#7
בָּעֵ֔מֶק
along in the valley
a vale (i.e., broad depression)
#8
כָּֽאַרְבֶּ֖ה
like grasshoppers
a locust (from its rapid increase)
#9
לָרֹֽב׃
for multitude
abundance (in any respect)
#10
וְלִגְמַלֵּיהֶם֙
and their camels
a camel
#11
אֵ֣ין
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
#12
מִסְפָּ֔ר
were without number
a number, definite (arithmetical) or indefinite (large, innumerable; small, a few); also (abstractly) narration
#13
כַּח֛וֹל
as the sand
sand (as round or whirling particles)
#14
שֶֽׁעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#15
שְׂפַ֥ת
side
the lip (as a natural boundary); by implication, language; by analogy, a margin (of a vessel, water, cloth, etc.)
#16
הַיָּ֖ם
by the sea
a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif
#17
לָרֹֽב׃
for multitude
abundance (in any respect)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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