John 5:45

Authorized King James Version

Do not think that I will accuse you to the Father: there is one that accuseth you, even Moses, in whom ye trust.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
μὴ
not
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
#2
δοκεῖτε
Do
compare the base of g1166) of the same meaning; to think; by implication, to seem (truthfully or uncertainly)
#3
ὅτι
that
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#4
ἐγὼ
I
i, me
#5
κατηγορῶν
one that accuseth
to be a plaintiff, i.e., to charge with some offence
#6
ὑμῶν
you
of (from or concerning) you
#7
πρὸς
to
a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,
#8
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#9
πατέρα·
the Father
a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
#10
ἔστιν
there is
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are
#11
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
κατηγορῶν
one that accuseth
to be a plaintiff, i.e., to charge with some offence
#13
ὑμῶν
you
of (from or concerning) you
#14
Μωσῆς,
even Moses
moseus, moses, or mouses (i.e., mosheh), the hebrew lawgiver
#15
εἰς
in
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
#16
ὃν
whom
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
#17
ὑμεῖς
ye
you (as subjective of verb)
#18
ἠλπίκατε
trust
to expect or confide

Analysis

The faith and obedience theme here intersects with the proper human response to divine revelation across Scripture. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on faith and obedience particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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