John 11:21

Authorized King James Version

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Then said Martha unto Jesus, Lord, if thou hadst been here, my brother had not died.

Original Language Analysis

εἶπεν said G2036
εἶπεν said
Strong's: G2036
Word #: 1 of 17
to speak or say (by word or writing)
οὖν Then G3767
οὖν Then
Strong's: G3767
Word #: 2 of 17
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
G3588
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 3 of 17
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
Μάρθα Martha G3136
Μάρθα Martha
Strong's: G3136
Word #: 4 of 17
martha, a christian woman
πρὸς unto G4314
πρὸς unto
Strong's: G4314
Word #: 5 of 17
a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,
τὸν G3588
τὸν
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 6 of 17
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
Ἰησοῦν Jesus G2424
Ἰησοῦν Jesus
Strong's: G2424
Word #: 7 of 17
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
Κύριε Lord G2962
Κύριε Lord
Strong's: G2962
Word #: 8 of 17
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
εἰ if G1487
εἰ if
Strong's: G1487
Word #: 9 of 17
if, whether, that, etc
ἦς thou hadst been G2258
ἦς thou hadst been
Strong's: G2258
Word #: 10 of 17
i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
ὧδε here G5602
ὧδε here
Strong's: G5602
Word #: 11 of 17
in this same spot, i.e., here or hither
G3588
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 12 of 17
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ἀδελφός brother G80
ἀδελφός brother
Strong's: G80
Word #: 13 of 17
a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like g0001)
μου· my G3450
μου· my
Strong's: G3450
Word #: 14 of 17
of me
οὐκ not G3756
οὐκ not
Strong's: G3756
Word #: 15 of 17
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
ἂν G302
ἂν
Strong's: G302
Word #: 16 of 17
whatsoever
ἐτεθνήκει died G2348
ἐτεθνήκει died
Strong's: G2348
Word #: 17 of 17
to die (literally or figuratively)

Analysis & Commentary

Martha's statement expresses both faith and gentle reproach. 'If thou hadst been here' implies Jesus' presence prevents death, showing confidence in His power. Yet the conditional reveals disappointment—she believes He could have prevented this had He come sooner. Her words wrestle with divine sovereignty and human suffering. Martha speaks honestly to Jesus, modeling authentic prayer that expresses both faith and questions. Her struggle is holy ground.

Historical Context

Jewish theology affirmed God's power over death (1 Kings 17; 2 Kings 4) but resurrection was expected only at the last day. Martha's faith in Jesus' healing power was extraordinary for its time.

Questions for Reflection

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