John 11:20

Authorized King James Version

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Then Martha, as soon as she heard that Jesus was coming, went and met him: but Mary sat still in the house.

Original Language Analysis

G3588
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 1 of 17
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
οὖν Then G3767
οὖν Then
Strong's: G3767
Word #: 2 of 17
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
Μάρθα Martha G3136
Μάρθα Martha
Strong's: G3136
Word #: 3 of 17
martha, a christian woman
ὡς as soon as G5613
ὡς as soon as
Strong's: G5613
Word #: 4 of 17
which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)
ἤκουσεν she heard G191
ἤκουσεν she heard
Strong's: G191
Word #: 5 of 17
to hear (in various senses)
ὅτι that G3754
ὅτι that
Strong's: G3754
Word #: 6 of 17
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
G3588
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 7 of 17
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
Ἰησοῦς Jesus G2424
Ἰησοῦς Jesus
Strong's: G2424
Word #: 8 of 17
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
ἔρχεται was coming G2064
ἔρχεται was coming
Strong's: G2064
Word #: 9 of 17
to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
ὑπήντησεν went and met G5221
ὑπήντησεν went and met
Strong's: G5221
Word #: 10 of 17
to go opposite (meet) under (quietly), i.e., to encounter, fall in with
αὐτῷ· him G846
αὐτῷ· him
Strong's: G846
Word #: 11 of 17
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
Μαρία Mary G3137
Μαρία Mary
Strong's: G3137
Word #: 12 of 17
maria or mariam (i.e., mirjam), the name of six christian females
δὲ but G1161
δὲ but
Strong's: G1161
Word #: 13 of 17
but, and, etc
ἐν still in G1722
ἐν still in
Strong's: G1722
Word #: 14 of 17
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
τῷ G3588
τῷ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 15 of 17
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
οἴκῳ the house G3624
οἴκῳ the house
Strong's: G3624
Word #: 16 of 17
a dwelling (more or less extensive, literal or figurative); by implication, a family (more or less related, literally or figuratively)
ἐκαθέζετο sat G2516
ἐκαθέζετο sat
Strong's: G2516
Word #: 17 of 17
to sit down

Analysis & Commentary

Martha's immediate response to Jesus' arrival demonstrates her active temperament, contrasting with Mary who 'sat still in the house.' Martha's action fulfills her character seen earlier (Luke 10:40). She goes to meet Jesus outside the village, perhaps for privacy or to intercept Him before the crowd. Her initiative demonstrates faith seeking Jesus, while Mary's stillness may indicate deeper grief or different temperament. Both responses are valid; Christ accepts diverse personalities.

Historical Context

Women in first-century Judaism had limited public roles, making Martha's bold approach to Jesus remarkable. Her action demonstrates the freedom and dignity Jesus afforded women.

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