John 1:17

Authorized King James Version

For the law was given by Moses, but grace and truth came by Jesus Christ.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ὅτι
For
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#2
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#3
νόμος
the law
law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of moses (including the volume); also of the gospel), or figurat
#4
διὰ
by
through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
#5
Μωσέως
Moses
moseus, moses, or mouses (i.e., mosheh), the hebrew lawgiver
#6
ἐδόθη
was given
to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or figuratively; greatly modified by the connection)
#7
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
χάρις
but grace
graciousness (as gratifying), of manner or act (abstract or concrete; literal, figurative or spiritual; especially the divine influence upon the heart
#9
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#10
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
ἀλήθεια
truth
truth
#12
διὰ
by
through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
#13
Ἰησοῦ
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#14
Χριστοῦ
Christ
anointed, i.e., the messiah, an epithet of jesus
#15
ἐγένετο
came
to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing grace relates to the doctrine of soteriology and God's unmerited favor in salvation and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of divine love within the theological tradition of John Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes grace in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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