John 1:18

Authorized King James Version

No man hath seen God at any time; the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
θεὸν
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#2
οὐδεὶς
No man
not even one (man, woman or thing), i.e., none, nobody, nothing
#3
ἑώρακεν
hath seen
by extension, to attend to; by hebraism, to experience; passively, to appear
#4
πώποτε·
at any time
at any time, i.e., (with negative particle) at no time
#5
τοῦ
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
μονογενὴς
the only begotten
only-born, i.e., sole
#7
υἱός,
Son
a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship
#8
τοῦ
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#9
ὢν
is
being
#10
εἰς
in
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
#11
τοῦ
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
κόλπον
the bosom
the bosom; by analogy, a bay
#13
τοῦ
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#14
πατρὸς
of the Father
a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
#15
ἐκεῖνος
he
that one (or (neuter) thing); often intensified by the article prefixed
#16
ἐξηγήσατο
hath declared
to consider out (aloud), i.e., rehearse, unfold

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of divine love within the theological tradition of John Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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