Joel 2:14

Authorized King James Version

Who knoweth if he will return and repent, and leave a blessing behind him; even a meat offering and a drink offering unto the LORD your God?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
מִ֥י
who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix
#2
יוֹדֵ֖עַ
Who knoweth
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
#3
יָשׁ֣וּב
if he will return
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
#4
וְנִחָ֑ם
and repent
properly, to sigh, i.e., breathe strongly; by implication, to be sorry, i.e., (in a favorable sense) to pity, console or (reflexively) rue; or (unfavo
#5
וְהִשְׁאִ֤יר
and leave
properly, to swell up, i.e., be (causatively, make) redundant
#6
אַֽחֲרָיו֙
behind
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
#7
בְּרָכָ֔ה
a blessing
benediction; by implication prosperity
#8
מִנְחָ֣ה
him even a meat offering
a donation; euphemistically, tribute; specifically a sacrificial offering (usually bloodless and voluntary)
#9
וָנֶ֔סֶךְ
and a drink offering
a libation; also a cast idol
#10
לַיהוָ֖ה
unto the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#11
אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃
your God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Joel. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection