Jeremiah 9:14

Authorized King James Version

PDF

But have walked after the imagination of their own heart, and after Baalim, which their fathers taught them:

Original Language Analysis

וַיֵּ֣לְכ֔וּ H1980
וַיֵּ֣לְכ֔וּ
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 1 of 9
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
וְאַחֲרֵי֙ after H310
וְאַחֲרֵי֙ after
Strong's: H310
Word #: 2 of 9
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
שְׁרִר֣וּת the imagination H8307
שְׁרִר֣וּת the imagination
Strong's: H8307
Word #: 3 of 9
obstinacy
לִבָּ֑ם of their own heart H3820
לִבָּ֑ם of their own heart
Strong's: H3820
Word #: 4 of 9
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything
וְאַחֲרֵי֙ after H310
וְאַחֲרֵי֙ after
Strong's: H310
Word #: 5 of 9
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
הַבְּעָלִ֔ים Baalim H1168
הַבְּעָלִ֔ים Baalim
Strong's: H1168
Word #: 6 of 9
baal, a phoenician deity
אֲשֶׁ֥ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 7 of 9
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
לִמְּד֖וּם taught H3925
לִמְּד֖וּם taught
Strong's: H3925
Word #: 8 of 9
properly, to goad, i.e., (by implication) to teach (the rod being an middle eastern incentive)
אֲבוֹתָֽם׃ which their fathers H1
אֲבוֹתָֽם׃ which their fathers
Strong's: H1
Word #: 9 of 9
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

Analysis & Commentary

This verse describes Israel's alternative: 'But have walked after the imagination of their own heart.' The Hebrew sheriruth libbam (שְׁרִרוּת לִבָּם) indicates stubbornness, obstinacy of heart—following their own desires rather than divine instruction. 'And after Baalim, which their fathers taught them.' Baalism wasn't spontaneous apostasy but generational transmission of idolatry. 'Their fathers' indicates multiple generations of false religion. The plural 'Baalim' reflects local manifestations of the Canaanite storm/fertility god throughout the land. Children learned idolatry from parents who learned from their parents—sin becomes tradition, apostasy becomes heritage.

Historical Context

Despite periodic reforms (Hezekiah, Josiah), Baalism persisted in Judah for centuries. Archaeological evidence shows Baal worship at Israelite sites throughout the monarchy period. The 'teaching' by fathers suggests deliberate religious instruction in pagan practices alongside or instead of Torah instruction. This fulfills the warning of Deuteronomy 4:9-10 about failing to teach the next generation.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People