Ephesians 2:3
Among whom also we all had our conversation in times past in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind; and were by nature the children of wrath, even as others.
Original Language Analysis
οἷς
whom
G3739
οἷς
whom
Strong's:
G3739
Word #:
2 of 30
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
καὶ
also
G2532
καὶ
also
Strong's:
G2532
Word #:
3 of 30
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ἀνεστράφημέν
had our conversation
G390
ἀνεστράφημέν
had our conversation
Strong's:
G390
Word #:
6 of 30
to overturn; also to return; by implication, to busy oneself, i.e., remain, live
ταῖς
G3588
ταῖς
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
9 of 30
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
τῆς
G3588
τῆς
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
11 of 30
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
σαρκὸς
flesh
G4561
σαρκὸς
flesh
Strong's:
G4561
Word #:
12 of 30
flesh (as stripped of the skin), i.e., (strictly) the meat of an animal (as food), or (by extension) the body (as opposed to the soul (or spirit), or
ποιοῦντες
fulfilling
G4160
ποιοῦντες
fulfilling
Strong's:
G4160
Word #:
14 of 30
to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)
τὰ
G3588
τὰ
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
15 of 30
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
θελήματα
the desires
G2307
θελήματα
the desires
Strong's:
G2307
Word #:
16 of 30
a determination (properly, the thing), i.e., (actively) choice (specially, purpose, decree; abstractly, volition) or (passively) inclination
τῆς
G3588
τῆς
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
17 of 30
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
σαρκὸς
flesh
G4561
σαρκὸς
flesh
Strong's:
G4561
Word #:
18 of 30
flesh (as stripped of the skin), i.e., (strictly) the meat of an animal (as food), or (by extension) the body (as opposed to the soul (or spirit), or
καὶ
also
G2532
καὶ
also
Strong's:
G2532
Word #:
19 of 30
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
τῶν
G3588
τῶν
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
20 of 30
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
διανοιῶν
of the mind
G1271
διανοιῶν
of the mind
Strong's:
G1271
Word #:
21 of 30
deep thought, properly, the faculty (mind or its disposition), by implication, its exercise
καὶ
also
G2532
καὶ
also
Strong's:
G2532
Word #:
22 of 30
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
φύσει
by nature
G5449
φύσει
by nature
Strong's:
G5449
Word #:
25 of 30
growth (by germination or expansion), i.e., (by implication) natural production (lineal descent); by extension, a genus or sort; figuratively, native
ὀργῆς
of wrath
G3709
ὀργῆς
of wrath
Strong's:
G3709
Word #:
26 of 30
properly, desire (as a reaching forth or excitement of the mind), i.e., (by analogy), violent passion (ire, or (justifiable) abhorrence); by implicati
ὡς
as
G5613
ὡς
as
Strong's:
G5613
Word #:
27 of 30
which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)
καὶ
also
G2532
καὶ
also
Strong's:
G2532
Word #:
28 of 30
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
Cross References
Titus 3:3For we ourselves also were sometimes foolish, disobedient, deceived, serving divers lusts and pleasures, living in malice and envy, hateful, and hating one another.Ephesians 4:22That ye put off concerning the former conversation the old man, which is corrupt according to the deceitful lusts;1 Peter 1:14As obedient children, not fashioning yourselves according to the former lusts in your ignorance:Romans 13:14But put ye on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make not provision for the flesh, to fulfil the lusts thereof.1 John 2:16For all that is in the world, the lust of the flesh, and the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life, is not of the Father, but is of the world.Romans 6:12Let not sin therefore reign in your mortal body, that ye should obey it in the lusts thereof.Psalms 51:5Behold, I was shapen in iniquity; and in sin did my mother conceive me.Ephesians 2:2Wherein in time past ye walked according to the course of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience:John 8:44Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar, and the father of it.Mark 4:19And the cares of this world, and the deceitfulness of riches, and the lusts of other things entering in, choke the word, and it becometh unfruitful.
Historical Context
Written during Paul's Roman imprisonment (60-62 CE), this verse in chapter 2 reflects the circular letter's purpose to multiple Asian churches. Ephesus was a major center of pagan worship (Artemis cult) and early Christianity, making Paul's teachings on spiritual warfare and Christian unity particularly relevant.
Questions for Reflection
- How does the truth of Ephesians 2:3 about verse-specific transform your daily walk with Christ?
- What does this verse teach about theological theme that challenges modern Christian practice?
- How can you apply the theological principle of doctrinal emphasis in your relationships and witness?
Analysis & Commentary
[Verse 2:3 text would be quoted here] This verse in Ephesians chapter 2 addresses theological theme. Key Greek terms include to be determined.
The theological focus is doctrinal emphasis, demonstrating Paul's emphasis on the cosmic Christ and the church as His body/bride/temple. The phrase emphasizes union with Christ as the foundation of all spiritual blessings.