Jeremiah 2:8

Authorized King James Version

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The priests said not, Where is the LORD? and they that handle the law knew me not: the pastors also transgressed against me, and the prophets prophesied by Baal, and walked after things that do not profit.

Original Language Analysis

הַכֹּהֲנִ֗ים The priests H3548
הַכֹּהֲנִ֗ים The priests
Strong's: H3548
Word #: 1 of 19
literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
לֹ֤א H3808
לֹ֤א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 2 of 19
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
אָֽמְרוּ֙ said H559
אָֽמְרוּ֙ said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 3 of 19
to say (used with great latitude)
אַיֵּ֣ה H346
אַיֵּ֣ה
Strong's: H346
Word #: 4 of 19
where?
יְהוָ֔ה not Where is the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֔ה not Where is the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 5 of 19
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
וְתֹפְשֵׂ֤י and they that handle H8610
וְתֹפְשֵׂ֤י and they that handle
Strong's: H8610
Word #: 6 of 19
to manipulate, i.e., seize; chiefly to capture, wield, specifically, to overlay; figuratively, to use unwarrantably
הַתּוֹרָה֙ the law H8451
הַתּוֹרָה֙ the law
Strong's: H8451
Word #: 7 of 19
a precept or statute, especially the decalogue or pentateuch
לֹ֣א H3808
לֹ֣א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 8 of 19
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
יְדָע֔וּנִי knew H3045
יְדָע֔וּנִי knew
Strong's: H3045
Word #: 9 of 19
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
וְהָרֹעִ֖ים me not the pastors H7462
וְהָרֹעִ֖ים me not the pastors
Strong's: H7462
Word #: 10 of 19
to tend a flock; i.e., pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a frie
פָּ֣שְׁעוּ also transgressed H6586
פָּ֣שְׁעוּ also transgressed
Strong's: H6586
Word #: 11 of 19
to break away (from just authority), i.e., trespass, apostatize, quarrel
בִ֑י H0
בִ֑י
Strong's: H0
Word #: 12 of 19
וְהַנְּבִיאִים֙ against me and the prophets H5030
וְהַנְּבִיאִים֙ against me and the prophets
Strong's: H5030
Word #: 13 of 19
a prophet or (generally) inspired man
נִבְּא֣וּ prophesied H5012
נִבְּא֣וּ prophesied
Strong's: H5012
Word #: 14 of 19
to prophesy, i.e., speak (or sing) by inspiration (in prediction or simple discourse)
בַבַּ֔עַל by Baal H1168
בַבַּ֔עַל by Baal
Strong's: H1168
Word #: 15 of 19
baal, a phoenician deity
וְאַחֲרֵ֥י after H310
וְאַחֲרֵ֥י after
Strong's: H310
Word #: 16 of 19
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
לֹֽא H3808
לֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 17 of 19
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
יוֹעִ֖לוּ things that do not profit H3276
יוֹעִ֖לוּ things that do not profit
Strong's: H3276
Word #: 18 of 19
properly, to ascend; figuratively, to be valuable (objectively; useful, subjectively; benefited)
הָלָֽכוּ׃ and walked H1980
הָלָֽכוּ׃ and walked
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 19 of 19
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

Analysis & Commentary

God specifies those who failed to seek Him: 'The priests said not, Where is the LORD? and they that handle the law knew me not: the pastors also transgressed against me, and the prophets prophesied by Baal, and walked after things that do not profit.' Four leadership categories are indicted. First, priests who should have taught the people to seek God instead failed to ask "Where is the LORD?" themselves. Second, "they that handle the law" (tophsei hatorah, תֹּפְשֵׂי הַתּוֹרָה)—those responsible for teaching and interpreting Torah—"knew me not" (lo yeda'uni, לֹא יְדָעוּנִי), lacking personal relationship with God despite professional religious duties. Third, "pastors" (ro'im, רֹעִים, literally "shepherds")—political and spiritual leaders—"transgressed against me" (pash'u bi, פָּשְׁעוּ בִי), meaning rebelled or broke covenant. Fourth, prophets "prophesied by Baal" (beniv'u nibe'u, בַבַּעַל נִבְּאוּ)—claiming divine inspiration while actually serving false gods. The phrase "walked after things that do not profit" (acherei lo-yo'ilu halakhu, אַחֲרֵי לֹא־יוֹעִילוּ הָלָכוּ) describes pursuing worthless idols that cannot save or help. This comprehensive leadership failure—religious, legal, political, and prophetic—explains the nation's corruption. When those responsible for spiritual direction are themselves apostate, the people follow into destruction.

Historical Context

Jeremiah's era witnessed catastrophic leadership failure at every level. Priests like those descended from Eli's house at Anathoth had compromised covenant worship for generations. The high priesthood under Manasseh tolerated and even participated in idolatry in the Jerusalem temple itself (2 Kings 21:4-7). Torah teachers (scribes and Levites) either didn't understand or didn't apply covenant requirements to confront sin and injustice. Political leaders ("pastors"/"shepherds")—including kings like Jehoiakim and princes who influenced policy—pursued alliances with Egypt and Babylon rather than trusting God, oppressed the poor, and tolerated injustice (Jeremiah 22:13-17). False prophets like Hananiah and those mentioned in Jeremiah 23 and 28 promised peace and prosperity while contradicting God's actual word through Jeremiah. Archaeological evidence from this period shows syncretistic practices even among religious officials—inscriptions combining Yahweh worship with Asherah veneration, suggesting religious leadership itself was compromised. Jesus later confronted similar leadership corruption among Pharisees and Sadducees (Matthew 23), and Paul warned that false teachers would arise even within the church (Acts 20:29-30, 2 Timothy 4:3-4).

Questions for Reflection

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