Jeremiah 23:12

Authorized King James Version

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Wherefore their way shall be unto them as slippery ways in the darkness: they shall be driven on, and fall therein: for I will bring evil upon them, even the year of their visitation, saith the LORD.

Original Language Analysis

לָכֵן֩ H3651
לָכֵן֩
Strong's: H3651
Word #: 1 of 17
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
יִֽהְיֶ֨ה H1961
יִֽהְיֶ֨ה
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 2 of 17
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
דַרְכָּ֜ם Wherefore their way H1870
דַרְכָּ֜ם Wherefore their way
Strong's: H1870
Word #: 3 of 17
a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb
לָהֶ֗ם H1992
לָהֶ֗ם
Strong's: H1992
Word #: 4 of 17
they (only used when emphatic)
כַּחֲלַקְלַקּוֹת֙ shall be unto them as slippery H2519
כַּחֲלַקְלַקּוֹת֙ shall be unto them as slippery
Strong's: H2519
Word #: 5 of 17
properly, something very smooth; i.e., a treacherous spot; figuratively, blandishment
בָּֽאֲפֵלָ֔ה ways in the darkness H653
בָּֽאֲפֵלָ֔ה ways in the darkness
Strong's: H653
Word #: 6 of 17
duskiness, figuratively, misfortune; concrete, concealment
יִדַּ֖חוּ they shall be driven on H1760
יִדַּ֖חוּ they shall be driven on
Strong's: H1760
Word #: 7 of 17
to push down
וְנָ֣פְלוּ and fall H5307
וְנָ֣פְלוּ and fall
Strong's: H5307
Word #: 8 of 17
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
בָ֑הּ H0
בָ֑הּ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 9 of 17
כִּֽי H3588
כִּֽי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 10 of 17
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
אָבִ֨יא therein for I will bring H935
אָבִ֨יא therein for I will bring
Strong's: H935
Word #: 11 of 17
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
עֲלֵיהֶ֥ם H5921
עֲלֵיהֶ֥ם
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 12 of 17
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
רָעָ֛ה evil H7451
רָעָ֛ה evil
Strong's: H7451
Word #: 13 of 17
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
שְׁנַ֥ת upon them even the year H8141
שְׁנַ֥ת upon them even the year
Strong's: H8141
Word #: 14 of 17
a year (as a revolution of time)
פְּקֻדָּתָ֖ם of their visitation H6486
פְּקֻדָּתָ֖ם of their visitation
Strong's: H6486
Word #: 15 of 17
visitation (in many senses, chiefly official)
נְאֻם saith H5002
נְאֻם saith
Strong's: H5002
Word #: 16 of 17
an oracle
יְהוָֽה׃ the LORD H3068
יְהוָֽה׃ the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 17 of 17
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

Analysis & Commentary

Wherefore their way shall be unto them as slippery ways in the darknesschalaqlaqoth (חֲלַקְלַקּוֹת) means slippery, smooth places where one cannot gain footing. Combined with choshek (חֹשֶׁךְ, darkness), the imagery depicts complete disorientation—unable to see where they're going or maintain stable footing. They shall be driven on, and fall thereinnadach (נָדַח) means pushed, thrust, or banished. They won't choose this path voluntarily but will be driven into judgment, inevitably falling (naphal, נָפַל).

For I will bring evil upon themra'ah (רָעָה) means calamity, disaster, or judgment. Even the year of their visitation uses pequddah (פְּקֻדָּה), meaning appointed time of reckoning. This echoes Hosea 9:7: 'The days of visitation are come, the days of recompense are come.' God's patience has limits; there comes an appointed time when accumulated sin meets divine justice. The verse combines natural imagery (slippery darkness) with divine sovereignty (I will bring) to show judgment as both natural consequence and active intervention. Those who rejected God's light stumble in darkness; those who chose crooked paths find no solid footing.

Historical Context

This judgment was fulfilled in 586 BC when Babylon destroyed Jerusalem. The prophets and priests who promised peace experienced the slaughter, starvation, and exile they denied would come. Many fled to Egypt against God's command (Jeremiah 42-43), where tradition says they killed Jeremiah himself. The 'year of their visitation' arrived after decades of warnings—Jeremiah prophesied for forty years before Jerusalem fell. The judgment imagery proved literally true: refugees stumbled through darkness fleeing Babylon's army; leaders who had confidently proclaimed 'Peace!' found no secure path as their world collapsed. This vindicated Jeremiah's unpopular message and confirmed that false prophets face greater judgment than those they deceived.

Questions for Reflection

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