Isaiah 8:22

Authorized King James Version

And they shall look unto the earth; and behold trouble and darkness, dimness of anguish; and they shall be driven to darkness.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְאֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#2
אֶ֖רֶץ
unto the earth
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#3
יַבִּ֑יט
And they shall look
to scan, i.e., look intently at; by implication, to regard with pleasure, favor or care
#4
וְהִנֵּ֨ה
lo!
#5
צָרָ֤ה
and behold trouble
transitively, a female rival
#6
וַחֲשֵׁכָה֙
and darkness
darkness; figuratively, misery
#7
מְע֣וּף
dimness
darkness
#8
צוּקָ֔ה
of anguish
a strait, i.e., (figuratively) distress
#9
וַאֲפֵלָ֖ה
to darkness
duskiness, figuratively, misfortune; concrete, concealment
#10
מְנֻדָּֽח׃
and they shall be driven
to push off; used in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively (to expel, mislead, strike, inflict, etc.)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Isaiah Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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