James 2:26

Authorized King James Version

For as the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without works is dead also.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ὥσπερ
as
just as, i.e., exactly like
#2
γὰρ
For
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
#3
τὸ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
σῶμα
the body
the body (as a sound whole), used in a very wide application, literally or figuratively
#5
χωρὶς
without
at a space, i.e., separately or apart from (often as preposition)
#6
πνεύματος
the spirit
a current of air, i.e., breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e., (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital prin
#7
νεκρά
dead
dead (literally or figuratively; also as noun)
#8
ἐστιν
is
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are
#9
οὕτως
so
in this way (referring to what precedes or follows)
#10
καὶ
also
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#11
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
πίστις
faith
persuasion, i.e., credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of god or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon christ
#13
χωρὶς
without
at a space, i.e., separately or apart from (often as preposition)
#14
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#15
ἔργων
works
toil (as an effort or occupation); by implication, an act
#16
νεκρά
dead
dead (literally or figuratively; also as noun)
#17
ἐστιν
is
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing faith central to epistemology and the means by which humans receive divine revelation and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of James Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes faith in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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