Isaiah 63:9

Authorized King James Version

In all their affliction he was afflicted, and the angel of his presence saved them: in his love and in his pity he redeemed them; and he bare them, and carried them all the days of old.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
בְּֽכָל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#2
צָרָתָ֣ם׀
In all their affliction
transitively, a female rival
#3
ל֣אֹ
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#4
צָ֗ר
he was afflicted
a pebble (as in h6864)
#5
וּמַלְאַ֤ךְ
and the angel
a messenger; specifically, of god, i.e., an angel (also a prophet, priest or teacher)
#6
פָּנָיו֙
of his presence
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#7
הֽוֹשִׁיעָ֔ם
saved
properly, to be open, wide or free, i.e., (by implication) to be safe; causatively, to free or succor
#8
בְּאַהֲבָת֥וֹ
them in his love
love
#9
וּבְחֶמְלָת֖וֹ
and in his pity
commiseration
#10
ה֣וּא
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#11
גְאָלָ֑ם
he redeemed
to redeem (according to the middle eastern law of kinship), i.e., to be the next of kin (and as such to buy back a relative's property, marry his wido
#12
וַֽיְנַטְּלֵ֥ם
them and he bare
to lift; by implication, to impose
#13
וַֽיְנַשְּׂאֵ֖ם
them and carried
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
#14
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#15
יְמֵ֥י
them all the days
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
#16
עוֹלָֽם׃
of old
properly, concealed, i.e., the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e., (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Isaiah. The concept of love reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The emotional and relational language employed here is characteristic of biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, emphasizing the personal nature of divine-human relationship. The original language emphasizes agape in Greek contexts or hesed in Hebrew, indicating covenantal loyalty, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood love. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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