Isaiah 51:17

Authorized King James Version

Awake, awake, stand up, O Jerusalem, which hast drunk at the hand of the LORD the cup of his fury; thou hast drunken the dregs of the cup of trembling, and wrung them out.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
הִֽתְעוֹרְרִ֗י
Awake
to wake (literally or figuratively)
#2
הִֽתְעוֹרְרִ֗י
Awake
to wake (literally or figuratively)
#3
ק֚וּמִי
stand up
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
#4
יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם
O Jerusalem
jerushalaim or jerushalem, the capital city of palestine
#5
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#6
שָׁתִ֖ית
thou hast drunken
to imbibe (literally or figuratively)
#7
מִיַּ֥ד
at the hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#8
יְהוָ֖ה
of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#9
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#10
כּ֧וֹס
of the cup
a cup (as a container), often figuratively, some unclean bird, probably an owl (perhaps from the cup-like cavity of its eye)
#11
חֲמָת֑וֹ
of his fury
heat; figuratively, anger, poison (from its fever)
#12
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#13
קֻבַּ֜עַת
the dregs
a goblet (as deep like a cover)
#14
כּ֧וֹס
of the cup
a cup (as a container), often figuratively, some unclean bird, probably an owl (perhaps from the cup-like cavity of its eye)
#15
הַתַּרְעֵלָ֛ה
of trembling
reeling
#16
שָׁתִ֖ית
thou hast drunken
to imbibe (literally or figuratively)
#17
מָצִֽית׃
and wrung them out
to suck out; by implication, to drain, to squeeze out

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Isaiah. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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