Isaiah 48:18

Authorized King James Version

O that thou hadst hearkened to my commandments! then had thy peace been as a river, and thy righteousness as the waves of the sea:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ל֥וּא
O that
a conditional particle; if; by implication (interj. as a wish) would that!
#2
הִקְשַׁ֖בְתָּ
thou hadst hearkened
to prick up the ears, i.e., hearken
#3
לְמִצְוֹתָ֑י
to my commandments
a command, whether human or divine (collectively, the law)
#4
וַיְהִ֤י
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#5
כַנָּהָר֙
been as a river
a stream (including the sea; expectation the nile, euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity
#6
שְׁלוֹמֶ֔ךָ
then had thy peace
safe, i.e., (figuratively) well, happy, friendly; also (abstractly) welfare, i.e., health, prosperity, peace
#7
וְצִדְקָתְךָ֖
and thy righteousness
rightness (abstractly), subjectively (rectitude), objectively (justice), morally (virtue) or figuratively (prosperity)
#8
כְּגַלֵּ֥י
as the waves
something rolled, i.e., a heap of stone or dung (plural ruins), by analogy, a spring of water (plural waves)
#9
הַיָּֽם׃
of the sea
a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Isaiah. The concept of righteousness reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Isaiah Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes righteousness in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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