Psalms 119:165

Authorized King James Version

Great peace have they which love thy law: and nothing shall offend them.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
שָׁל֣וֹם
peace
safe, i.e., (figuratively) well, happy, friendly; also (abstractly) welfare, i.e., health, prosperity, peace
#2
רָ֭ב
Great
abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
#3
לְאֹהֲבֵ֣י
have they which love
to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)
#4
תוֹרָתֶ֑ךָ
thy law
a precept or statute, especially the decalogue or pentateuch
#5
וְאֵֽין
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
#6
לָ֥מוֹ
H0
#7
מִכְשֽׁוֹל׃
and nothing shall offend
a stumbling-block, literally or figuratively (obstacle, enticement (specifically an idol), scruple)

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing love fundamental to theology proper, revealing God's essential nature and character and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood love. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection