Isaiah 30:1

Authorized King James Version

Woe to the rebellious children, saith the LORD, that take counsel, but not of me; and that cover with a covering, but not of my spirit, that they may add sin to sin:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ה֣וֹי
Woe
oh!
#2
בָּנִ֤ים
children
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#3
סֽוֹרְרִים֙
to the rebellious
to turn away, i.e., (morally) be refractory
#4
נְאֻם
saith
an oracle
#5
יְהוָ֔ה
the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#6
לַעֲשׂ֤וֹת
that take
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#7
עֵצָה֙
counsel
advice; by implication, plan; also prudence
#8
וְלֹ֣א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#9
מִנִּ֔י
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
#10
וְלִנְסֹ֥ךְ
but not of me and that cover
to pour out, especially a libation, or to cast (metal); by analogy, to anoint a king
#11
מַסֵּכָ֖ה
with a covering
properly, a pouring over, i.e., fusion of metal (especially a cast image); by implication, a libation, i.e., league; concretely a coverlet (as if pour
#12
וְלֹ֣א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#13
רוּחִ֑י
but not of my spirit
wind; by resemblance breath, i.e., a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the
#14
לְמַ֛עַן
properly, heed, i.e., purpose; used only adverbially, on account of (as a motive or an aim), teleologically, in order that
#15
סְפ֥וֹת
that they may add
properly, to scrape (literally, to shave; but usually figuratively) together (i.e., to accumulate or increase) or away (i.e., to scatter, remove, or r
#16
חַטָּֽאת׃
sin
an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiation; also (concretely) an offender
#17
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#18
חַטָּֽאת׃
sin
an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiation; also (concretely) an offender

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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