Isaiah 28:22

Authorized King James Version

Now therefore be ye not mockers, lest your bands be made strong: for I have heard from the Lord GOD of hosts a consumption, even determined upon the whole earth.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְעַתָּה֙
at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive
#2
אַל
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
#3
תִּתְלוֹצָ֔צוּ
Now therefore be ye not mockers
properly, to make mouths at, i.e., to scoff; hence (from the effort to pronounce a foreign language) to interpret, or (generally) intercede
#4
פֶּֽן
properly, removal; used only (in the construction) adverb as conjunction, lest
#5
יֶחְזְק֖וּ
be made strong
to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively strengthen, cure, help, repair, fortify), obstinate; to bind, restra
#6
מֽוֹסְרֵיכֶ֑ם
lest your bands
properly, chastisement, i.e., (by implication) a halter; figuratively, restraint
#7
כִּֽי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#8
כָלָ֨ה
a consumption
a completion; adverb, completely; also destruction
#9
וְנֶחֱרָצָ֜ה
even determined
properly, to point sharply, i.e., (literally) to wound; figuratively, to be alert, to decide
#10
שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי
for I have heard
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
#11
מֵאֵ֨ת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#12
אֲדֹנָ֧י
from the Lord
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
#13
יְהוִ֛ה
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#14
צְבָא֖וֹת
of hosts
a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (speci
#15
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#16
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#17
הָאָֽרֶץ׃
upon the whole earth
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Isaiah. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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