Matthew 27:39
And they that passed by reviled him, wagging their heads,
Original Language Analysis
Οἱ
G3588
Οἱ
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
1 of 9
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
αὐτῶν
him
G846
αὐτῶν
him
Strong's:
G846
Word #:
5 of 9
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
τὰς
G3588
τὰς
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
7 of 9
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
Cross References
Psalms 109:25I became also a reproach unto them: when they looked upon me they shaked their heads.Lamentations 1:12Is it nothing to you, all ye that pass by? behold, and see if there be any sorrow like unto my sorrow, which is done unto me, wherewith the LORD hath afflicted me in the day of his fierce anger.
Historical Context
Crucifixion sites were deliberately placed along major roads to maximize public visibility and deterrent effect. Jerusalem's population swelled during Passover from ~50,000 to over 200,000, ensuring massive crowds would witness Jesus's execution.
Questions for Reflection
- How does the public mockery of Jesus fulfill Psalm 22 and reveal the depth of his humiliation?
- What does Jesus's silence in the face of reviling teach about responding to persecution (1 Peter 2:23)?
Related Resources
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Analysis & Commentary
They that passed by reviled him (ἐβλασφήμουν, eblasphēmoun)—literally blasphemed, hurled insults at him. Wagging their heads (κινοῦντες τὰς κεφαλὰς, kinountes tas kephalas)—the ancient gesture of mockery and contempt, fulfilling Psalm 22:7: All they that see me laugh me to scorn: they shoot out the lip, they shake the head.
Golgotha was near a main road; Passover crowds stream past. The Suffering Servant endures not only physical agony but public scorn. He who taught blessed are ye, when men shall revile you (Matthew 5:11) now experiences ultimate reviling.