Ezekiel 16:49

Authorized King James Version

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Behold, this was the iniquity of thy sister Sodom, pride, fulness of bread, and abundance of idleness was in her and in her daughters, neither did she strengthen the hand of the poor and needy.

Original Language Analysis

הִנֵּה H2009
הִנֵּה
Strong's: H2009
Word #: 1 of 19
lo!
זֶ֣ה H2088
זֶ֣ה
Strong's: H2088
Word #: 2 of 19
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
הָיָ֔ה H1961
הָיָ֔ה
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 3 of 19
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
עֲוֹ֖ן Behold this was the iniquity H5771
עֲוֹ֖ן Behold this was the iniquity
Strong's: H5771
Word #: 4 of 19
perversity, i.e., (moral) evil
סְדֹ֣ם Sodom H5467
סְדֹ֣ם Sodom
Strong's: H5467
Word #: 5 of 19
sedom, a place near the dead sea
אֲחוֹתֵ֑ךְ of thy sister H269
אֲחוֹתֵ֑ךְ of thy sister
Strong's: H269
Word #: 6 of 19
a sister (used very widely [like h0251], literally and figuratively)
גָּא֨וֹן pride H1347
גָּא֨וֹן pride
Strong's: H1347
Word #: 7 of 19
the same as h1346
שִׂבְעַת fulness H7653
שִׂבְעַת fulness
Strong's: H7653
Word #: 8 of 19
satiety
לֶ֜חֶם of bread H3899
לֶ֜חֶם of bread
Strong's: H3899
Word #: 9 of 19
food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)
וְשַׁלְוַ֣ת and abundance H7962
וְשַׁלְוַ֣ת and abundance
Strong's: H7962
Word #: 10 of 19
security (genuine or false)
הַשְׁקֵ֗ט of idleness H8252
הַשְׁקֵ֗ט of idleness
Strong's: H8252
Word #: 11 of 19
to repose (usually figurative)
הָ֤יָה H1961
הָ֤יָה
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 12 of 19
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
לָהּ֙ H0
לָהּ֙
Strong's: H0
Word #: 13 of 19
וְלִבְנוֹתֶ֔יהָ was in her and in her daughters H1323
וְלִבְנוֹתֶ֔יהָ was in her and in her daughters
Strong's: H1323
Word #: 14 of 19
a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
וְיַד the hand H3027
וְיַד the hand
Strong's: H3027
Word #: 15 of 19
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
עָנִ֥י of the poor H6041
עָנִ֥י of the poor
Strong's: H6041
Word #: 16 of 19
depressed, in mind or circumstances
וְאֶבְי֖וֹן and needy H34
וְאֶבְי֖וֹן and needy
Strong's: H34
Word #: 17 of 19
destitute
לֹ֥א H3808
לֹ֥א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 18 of 19
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
הֶחֱזִֽיקָה׃ neither did she strengthen H2388
הֶחֱזִֽיקָה׃ neither did she strengthen
Strong's: H2388
Word #: 19 of 19
to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively strengthen, cure, help, repair, fortify), obstinate; to bind, restra

Cross References

Psalms 138:6Though the LORD be high, yet hath he respect unto the lowly: but the proud he knoweth afar off.Genesis 13:10And Lot lifted up his eyes, and beheld all the plain of Jordan, that it was well watered every where, before the LORD destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah, even as the garden of the LORD, like the land of Egypt, as thou comest unto Zoar.Ezekiel 28:2Son of man, say unto the prince of Tyrus, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Because thine heart is lifted up, and thou hast said, I am a God, I sit in the seat of God, in the midst of the seas; yet thou art a man, and not God, though thou set thine heart as the heart of God:Isaiah 3:9The shew of their countenance doth witness against them; and they declare their sin as Sodom, they hide it not. Woe unto their soul! for they have rewarded evil unto themselves.Proverbs 18:12Before destruction the heart of man is haughty, and before honour is humility.Luke 17:28Likewise also as it was in the days of Lot; they did eat, they drank, they bought, they sold, they planted, they builded;Ezekiel 18:12Hath oppressed the poor and needy, hath spoiled by violence, hath not restored the pledge, and hath lifted up his eyes to the idols, hath committed abomination,Ezekiel 18:16Neither hath oppressed any, hath not withholden the pledge, neither hath spoiled by violence, but hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment,Daniel 5:23But hast lifted up thyself against the Lord of heaven; and they have brought the vessels of his house before thee, and thou, and thy lords, thy wives, and thy concubines, have drunk wine in them; and thou hast praised the gods of silver, and gold, of brass, iron, wood, and stone, which see not, nor hear, nor know: and the God in whose hand thy breath is, and whose are all thy ways, hast thou not glorified:Isaiah 16:6We have heard of the pride of Moab; he is very proud: even of his haughtiness, and his pride, and his wrath: but his lies shall not be so.

Analysis & Commentary

"Behold, this was the iniquity of thy sister Sodom, pride, fulness of bread, and abundance of idleness was in her and in her daughters, neither did she strengthen the hand of the poor and needy." Sodom's sin exceeded sexual immorality to include pride, luxury, and neglect of the poor. The threefold indictment—pride, satiation, idleness—depicts self-centered affluence ignoring others' suffering. This challenges assumptions that Sodom's sin was exclusively sexual. Comfortable prosperity combined with neglect of vulnerable exemplifies covenant violation. True religion requires both right worship and compassionate justice.

Historical Context

Ezekiel's indictment (589 BC) compared Jerusalem unfavorably to Sodom—shocking rhetoric designed to pierce complacency. Archaeological evidence confirms ancient Sodom's wealth and luxury before destruction. The prophets consistently linked prosperity with responsibility: wealth is stewardship requiring generosity and justice. Jerusalem's affluent class (before exile) exploited the poor while maintaining religious ceremonies—the same pattern that destroyed Sodom. The comparison warns wealthy societies that comfortable prosperity combined with indifference to suffering invites judgment.

Questions for Reflection

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