Exodus 7:19

Authorized King James Version

And the LORD spake unto Moses, Say unto Aaron, Take thy rod, and stretch out thine hand upon the waters of Egypt, upon their streams, upon their rivers, and upon their ponds, and upon all their pools of water, that they may become blood; and that there may be blood throughout all the land of Egypt, both in vessels of wood, and in vessels of stone.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אֱמֹ֣ר
Say
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
יְהוָ֜ה
And the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#3
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#4
מֹשֶׁ֗ה
unto Moses
mosheh, the israelite lawgiver
#5
אֱמֹ֣ר
Say
to say (used with great latitude)
#6
אֶֽל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#7
אַהֲרֹ֡ן
unto Aaron
aharon, the brother of moses
#8
קַ֣ח
Take
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
#9
מַטְּךָ֣
thy rod
a branch (as extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for chastising (figuratively, correction), ruling (a sceptre), throwing (a lance),
#10
וּנְטֵֽה
and stretch out
to stretch or spread out; by implication, to bend away (including moral deflection); used in a great variety of application (as follows)
#11
יָדְךָ֩
thine hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#12
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#13
מֵֽימֵיהֶ֖ם
of water
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
#14
מִצְרַ֔יִם
of Egypt
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
#15
עַֽל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#16
נַהֲרֹתָ֣ם׀
upon their streams
a stream (including the sea; expectation the nile, euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity
#17
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#18
יְאֹֽרֵיהֶ֣ם
upon their rivers
a channel, e.g., a fosse, canal, shaft; specifically the nile, as the one river of egypt, including its collateral trenches; also the tigris, as the m
#19
וְעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#20
אַגְמֵיהֶ֗ם
H98
and upon their ponds
a marsh; hence a rush (as growing in swamps); hence a stockade of reeds
#21
וְעַ֛ל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#22
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#23
מִקְוֵ֥ה
and upon all their pools
something waited for, i.e., a collection, i.e., (of water) a pond, or (of men and horses) a caravan or drove
#24
מֵֽימֵיהֶ֖ם
of water
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
#25
וְיִֽהְיוּ
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#26
דָם֙
and that there may be blood
blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshe
#27
וְהָ֤יָה
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#28
דָם֙
and that there may be blood
blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshe
#29
בְּכָל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#30
אֶ֣רֶץ
throughout all the land
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#31
מִצְרַ֔יִם
of Egypt
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
#32
וּבָֽעֵצִ֖ים
both in vessels of wood
a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)
#33
וּבָֽאֲבָנִֽים׃
H68
and in vessels of stone
a stone

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Exodus. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Exodus Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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