Ephesians 2:16

Authorized King James Version

And that he might reconcile both unto God in one body by the cross, having slain the enmity thereby:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
ἀποκαταλλάξῃ
that he might reconcile
to reconcile fully
#3
τοὺς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
ἀμφοτέρους
both
(in plural) both
#5
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#6
ἑνὶ
one
one
#7
σώματι
body
the body (as a sound whole), used in a very wide application, literally or figuratively
#8
τῷ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#9
θεῷ
unto God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#10
διὰ
by
through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
#11
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
σταυροῦ
the cross
a stake or post (as set upright), i.e., (specially), a pole or cross (as an instrument of capital punishment); figuratively, exposure to death, i.e.,
#13
ἀποκτείνας
having slain
to kill outright; figuratively, to destroy
#14
τὴν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#15
ἔχθραν
the enmity
hostility; by implication, a reason for opposition
#16
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#17
αὐτῷ
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Ephesians Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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