Deuteronomy 22:8

Authorized King James Version

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When thou buildest a new house, then thou shalt make a battlement for thy roof, that thou bring not blood upon thine house, if any man fall from thence.

Original Language Analysis

כִּ֤י H3588
כִּ֤י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 1 of 15
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
תִבְנֶה֙ When thou buildest H1129
תִבְנֶה֙ When thou buildest
Strong's: H1129
Word #: 2 of 15
to build (literally and figuratively)
בְּבֵיתֶ֔ךָ house H1004
בְּבֵיתֶ֔ךָ house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 3 of 15
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
חָדָ֔שׁ a new H2319
חָדָ֔שׁ a new
Strong's: H2319
Word #: 4 of 15
new
וְעָשִׂ֥יתָ then thou shalt make H6213
וְעָשִׂ֥יתָ then thou shalt make
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 5 of 15
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
מַֽעֲקֶ֖ה a battlement H4624
מַֽעֲקֶ֖ה a battlement
Strong's: H4624
Word #: 6 of 15
a parapet
לְגַגֶּ֑ךָ for thy roof H1406
לְגַגֶּ֑ךָ for thy roof
Strong's: H1406
Word #: 7 of 15
a roof; by analogy, the top of an altar
וְלֹֽא H3808
וְלֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 8 of 15
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
תָשִׂ֤ים that thou bring H7760
תָשִׂ֤ים that thou bring
Strong's: H7760
Word #: 9 of 15
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
דָּמִים֙ not blood H1818
דָּמִים֙ not blood
Strong's: H1818
Word #: 10 of 15
blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshe
בְּבֵיתֶ֔ךָ house H1004
בְּבֵיתֶ֔ךָ house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 11 of 15
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
כִּֽי H3588
כִּֽי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 12 of 15
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
הַנֹּפֵ֖ל fall H5307
הַנֹּפֵ֖ל fall
Strong's: H5307
Word #: 13 of 15
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
הַנֹּפֵ֖ל fall H5307
הַנֹּפֵ֖ל fall
Strong's: H5307
Word #: 14 of 15
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃ H4480
מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃
Strong's: H4480
Word #: 15 of 15
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses

Analysis & Commentary

Safety regulations: 'When thou buildest a new house, then thou shalt make a battlement for thy roof, that thou bring not blood upon thine house, if any man fall from thence.' Flat roofs required protective walls (ma'aqeh, מַעֲקֶה, railing/parapet) preventing falls. This applies covenant love to daily safety—'love thy neighbor' includes practical protection. The phrase 'bring not blood upon thine house' indicates legal/moral guilt for preventable deaths. Negligence equals guilt. This establishes principle: responsibility for others' safety extends to property design. Modern building codes, workplace safety, and liability law reflect this principle. Love demands practical care, not just sentiment.

Historical Context

Ancient Near Eastern homes had flat roofs used for sleeping, drying food, and socializing. Without parapets, falls caused injury/death. This law required homeowners to prevent foreseeable harm. The principle extends beyond literal application: any foreseeable danger requiring reasonable prevention. James applies this spiritually: 'to him that knoweth to do good, and doeth it not, to him it is sin' (James 4:17)—omitting good is sin. Christian love proactively protects others' welfare, not merely avoiding direct harm.

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