Jeremiah 19:13

Authorized King James Version

And the houses of Jerusalem, and the houses of the kings of Judah, shall be defiled as the place of Tophet, because of all the houses upon whose roofs they have burned incense unto all the host of heaven, and have poured out drink offerings unto other gods.

Word-by-Word Analysis

וְהָי֞וּ

H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

הַבָּתִּ֗ים

H1004

And the houses

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם

H3389

of Jerusalem

jerushalaim or jerushalem, the capital city of palestine

הַבָּתִּ֗ים

H1004

And the houses

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

מַלְכֵ֣י

H4428

of the kings

a king

יְהוּדָ֔ה

H3063

of Judah

jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory

כִּמְק֥וֹם

H4725

as the place

properly, a standing, i.e., a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)

הַתֹּ֖פֶת

H8612

of Tophet

topheth, a place near jerusalem

הַטְּמֵאִ֑ים

H2931

shall be defiled

foul in a religious sense

#10

לְכֹ֣ל

H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

#11

הַבָּתִּ֗ים

H1004

And the houses

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

#12

אֲשֶׁ֨ר

H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

#13

קִטְּר֜וּ

H6999

they have burned incense

to smoke, i.e., turn into fragrance by fire (especially as an act of worship)

#14

עַל

H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

#15

גַּגֹּֽתֵיהֶם֙

H1406

upon whose roofs

a roof; by analogy, the top of an altar

#16

לְכֹל֙

H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

#17

צְבָ֣א

H6635

unto all the host

a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (speci

#18

הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם

H8064

of heaven

the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r

#19

וְהַסֵּ֥ךְ

H5258

and have poured out

to pour out, especially a libation, or to cast (metal); by analogy, to anoint a king

#20

נְסָכִ֖ים

H5262

drink offerings

a libation; also a cast idol

#21

לֵאלֹהִ֥ים

H430

gods

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

#22

אֲחֵרִֽים׃

H312

unto other

properly, hinder; generally, next, other, etc

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Jeremiah. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

In what ways does understanding divine sovereignty in its original context challenge or deepen contemporary Christian thinking about salvation?
What systematic theological implications arise from this verse's treatment of salvation, and how does it contribute to a biblical theology of soteriology and the doctrine of salvation?
How does the salvation theme in this verse connect to the overarching narrative of Scripture, and what does this reveal about God's character and purposes?

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