Daniel 9:19

Authorized King James Version

O Lord, hear; O Lord, forgive; O Lord, hearken and do; defer not, for thine own sake, O my God: for thy city and thy people are called by thy name.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אֲדֹנָ֛י
O Lord
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
#2
שְׁמָ֙עָה֙
hear
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
#3
אֲדֹנָ֛י
O Lord
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
#4
סְלָ֔חָה
forgive
to forgive
#5
אֲדֹנָ֛י
O Lord
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
#6
הַֽקֲשִׁ֥יבָה
hearken
to prick up the ears, i.e., hearken
#7
וַעֲשֵׂ֖ה
and do
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#8
אַל
not
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
#9
תְּאַחַ֑ר
defer
to loiter (i.e., be behind); by implication to procrastinate
#10
לְמַֽעֲנְךָ֣
properly, heed, i.e., purpose; used only adverbially, on account of (as a motive or an aim), teleologically, in order that
#11
אֱלֹהַ֔י
for thine own sake O my God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#12
כִּֽי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#13
שִׁמְךָ֣
by thy name
an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
#14
נִקְרָ֔א
are called
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
#15
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#16
עִירְךָ֖
for thy city
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
#17
וְעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#18
עַמֶּֽךָ׃
and thy people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

Analysis

Within the broader context of Daniel, this passage highlights salvation through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Daniel.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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